የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ9ኛ ክፍል ጂኦግራፊ ምዕራፍ 2፦ የኢትዮጵያ የአየር ንብረት

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ9ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 2 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 2 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
37–59
የምዕራፍ 2 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 2 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Meaning of weather and climate
  2. 2.Elements of weather and climate
  3. 3.Controls of weather and climate in Ethiopia
  4. 4.Climatic regions and seasonal variation in Ethiopia
  5. 5.Measurements of weather and climate

የምዕራፍ 2 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ9ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

ከፍታ (ሜትር)ባህላዊ ስምዓለም አቀፍ አቻአማካይ ዓመታዊ ሙቀት
≥3300\ge 3300Wurch / KurAlpine / Afro-Alpine<10∘C< 10^\circ\text{C}
2300−33002300 - 3300DegaTemperate10∘C−15∘C10^\circ\text{C} - 15^\circ\text{C}
1500−23001500 - 2300Woina DegaSubtropical15∘C−20∘C15^\circ\text{C} - 20^\circ\text{C}
500−1500500 - 1500KollaTropical20∘C−30∘C20^\circ\text{C} - 30^\circ\text{C}
<500< 500BerehaDesert>30∘C> 30^\circ\text{C}

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በከፍታ እና በአማካይ ዓመታዊ የሙቀት መጠን ላይ ተመስርተው ባህላዊ የኢትዮጵያ የአየር ንብረት ዞኖችን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ቆላ ከ500 እስከ 1500 ሜትር ሲሆን በረሃ ከ500 ሜትር በታች ነው። የከፍታ ወሰኖቻቸውን አያቀያይሩ።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 37-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ነፋስን ከሚነፍስበት አቅጣጫ በመነሳት ስያሜ ለመስጠት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ነፋስ የሚሰየመው ከሚነሳበት (ከሚነፍስበት) አቅጣጫ እንጂ ወደሚሄድበት አቅጣጫ አይደለም። ከምዕራብ ወደ ምሥራቅ የሚነፍስ ነፋስ የምዕራብ ነፋስ ይባላል እንጂ የምሥራቅ ነፋስ አይባልም።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 37-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የአየር ሁኔታ ክፍልመለኪያ መሣሪያመደበኛ መለኪያ
TemperatureThermometer∘C or ∘F^\circ\text{C} \text{ or } ^\circ\text{F}
RainfallRain gaugemm\text{mm}
Air pressureBarometermillibar (mb) or mm\text{millibar (mb) or mm}
Wind speedAnemometerkm/h or m/s\text{km/h or m/s}
Wind directionWind vaneCompass points

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የአየር ሁኔታ ክፍሎችን ከሚለኩባቸው ተገቢ መሣሪያዎች እና መለኪያ አሃዶች ጋር ለማዛመድ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

አኔሞሜትር የነፋስ ፍጥነትን ሲለካ ዊንድ ቬን ደግሞ የነፋስ አቅጣጫን ያሳያል። ተግባራቸውን አያምታቱ።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 37-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 2 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

What is the main difference between weather and climate?

  1. A.Weather is observed over a short period of time, while climate is a pattern over a long period of time.
  2. B.Weather only refers to rainfall, while climate only measures air temperature.
  3. C.Weather covers an entire continent, while climate is limited to a single town.
  4. D.Weather never changes from day to day, while climate changes every hour.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Weather is observed over a short period of time, while climate is a pattern over a long period of time.

ምክንያቱ

According to the textbook, weather refers to atmospheric conditions observed over a short period of time (varying from hour to hour or day to day), whereas climate is the pattern of weather conditions experienced over a long period of time.

ጥያቄ 2

Which meteorological instrument is used to measure wind speed?

  1. A.Barometer
  2. B.Anemometer
  3. C.Wind vane
  4. D.Rain gauge
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Anemometer

ምክንያቱ

Wind speed is measured using an anemometer, while a wind vane is used for wind direction, a barometer for air pressure, and a rain gauge for precipitation.

ጥያቄ 3

Which traditional agro-climatic zone in Ethiopia is found at an altitude of 3,300 meters and above?

  1. A.Kolla
  2. B.Bereha
  3. C.Woina Dega
  4. D.Wurch
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ D Wurch

ምክንያቱ

The Wurch (or Kur) zone corresponds to the Alpine or Afro-Alpine zone and is found at altitudes of 3,300 meters and above with mean annual temperatures below 10°C.

ጥያቄ 4

Which two factors are the dominant controls of climate in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Altitude and latitude
  2. B.Ocean currents and longitude
  3. C.Distance from the sea and soil type
  4. D.Vegetation density and wind speed
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Altitude and latitude

ምክንያቱ

The textbook explicitly notes that the climate of Ethiopia is dominantly controlled by altitude and latitude.

ጥያቄ 5

Addis Ababa and Awash both lie along latitude 9°N. However, Awash has an average annual temperature of 25°C while Addis Ababa has an average of 16°C. What explains this difference?

  1. A.Awash is located at a much lower altitude than Addis Ababa.
  2. B.Addis Ababa receives warm ocean currents from the Red Sea.
  3. C.Awash is located much closer to the equator than Addis Ababa.
  4. D.Addis Ababa experiences the overhead sun three times a year.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Awash is located at a much lower altitude than Addis Ababa.

ምክንያቱ

Even though both towns share the same latitude (9°N), altitude modifies temperature. Awash is at 916 meters above sea level, while Addis Ababa is at 2,200 meters above sea level. Temperature decreases as altitude increases.

ጥያቄ 6

Historically, which combination of factors made the Dega agro-climatic zone attractive for dense human settlement in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Abundant mineral deposits, flat desert land, and hot dry winds
  2. B.Secure defensive locations, reliable rainfall, and absence of malaria
  3. C.Extensive salt plains, low elevation, and high humidity
  4. D.Access to ocean trade routes and continuous year-round snowfall
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Secure defensive locations, reliable rainfall, and absence of malaria

ምክንያቱ

People settled heavily in the Dega zone because of its secure location for defense, reliable rainfall, and absence of tropical diseases such as malaria.

ጥያቄ 7

In June, when the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) shifts to the Tropic of Cancer, which winds bring moisture to the Ethiopian highlands?

  1. A.Northeast Trade winds
  2. B.Equatorial Westerlies and Easterlies
  3. C.Polar Easterlies
  4. D.Dry continental winds from the Sahara
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Equatorial Westerlies and Easterlies

ምክንያቱ

In June, when the ITCZ moves to the Tropic of Cancer, Ethiopia comes under the influence of moisture-laden Equatorial Westerlies and Easterlies originating from water bodies.

ጥያቄ 8

Towns such as Metu, Gore, and Bonga are in the year-round rainfall region of Ethiopia. What is the main moisture source for this region?

  1. A.Northeast continental trade winds passing over Egypt
  2. B.Equatorial Westerlies picking up moisture from the Atlantic Ocean
  3. C.Cold sea breezes coming directly from the Arctic Ocean
  4. D.Dry katabatic winds descending from Mount Ras Dashen
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Equatorial Westerlies picking up moisture from the Atlantic Ocean

ምክንያቱ

The southwestern plateau receives high year-round rainfall due to the dominance of the Equatorial Westerlies wind system, which picks up moisture from the Atlantic Ocean.

ጥያቄ 9

A meteorologist in Gondar records a daily maximum temperature of 28°C and a daily minimum temperature of 14°C. What is the daily (diurnal) range of temperature for that day?

  1. A.14&deg;C
  2. B.21&deg;C
  3. C.42&deg;C
  4. D.7&deg;C
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 14&deg;C

ምክንያቱ

The daily (diurnal) range of temperature is calculated by finding the difference between the daily maximum and daily minimum temperature: 28°C - 14°C = 14°C.

ጥያቄ 10

Which rainfall region includes stations such as Gode, Moyale, and Jigjiga, receiving moisture from the Indian Ocean when the Northeasterlies and Equatorial Westerlies are weak?

  1. A.Summer rainfall region
  2. B.Year-round rainfall region
  3. C.Autumn-and-spring rainfall region
  4. D.Winter rainfall region
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Autumn-and-spring rainfall region

ምክንያቱ

The autumn-and-spring rainfall region covers the southeastern highlands and lowlands (including Gode, Moyale, and Jigjiga), receiving rainfall from the Equatorial Easterlies originating over the Indian Ocean.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 2 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 2 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 37 እስከ ገጽ 59 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 247 ገጾች

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