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Qormaata galuumsa kutaa 12ffaa Keemistirii, bara 2018 A.L.I (2026), maxxansa 1

Gaaffilee dhugaa qormaata galuumsa yunivarsiitii kutaa 12 kan Keemistirii, akkuma barattoonni bara 2018 A.L.I itti fudhatanitti. Tokkoon tokkoon gaaffii deebii sirrii fi ibsa qaba. Qormaanni bara 2018 A.L.I maxxansa adda addaatiin bahe. Fuulli kun maxxansa 1 qaba; kaan gadi aanee tarreeffamaniiru.

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2018 A.L.I (2026), maxxansa 1
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Gaaffilee 65 deebii waliin
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Gaaffilee qormaata kanaa yaalaa

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Gaaffii 1

Who used the 'cathode ray tube' to discover the electron and determine its charge to mass ratio?

A.Robert. A. Millikan
B.James Chadwick
C.J.J. Thomson
D.Ernest Rutherford

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: C J.J. Thomson

Maaliif

Thomson sent a beam through a cathode ray tube and bent it with electric and magnetic fields. From how far the beam bent he worked out the charge to mass ratio of the particles in it, and those particles are the electrons. Millikan is the tempting choice because his oil drop experiment is also about the electron, but he measured the charge on its own, not the charge to mass ratio.

Gaaffii 2

Among the following postulates of Dalton's atomic theory, the one that was modified in the modern atomic theory is

A.Atoms are indivisible
B.Atoms are the smallest particle of all elements
C.Atoms of more than one element combine to form compounds
D.Atoms are indestructible

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: A Atoms are indivisible

Maaliif

Dalton said the atom could not be broken down. The discovery of the electron, the proton and the neutron showed that it can, so that postulate had to be changed. B is the tempting one, but an atom is still the smallest particle that keeps the chemical identity of an element, so that idea survives in modern theory.

Gaaffii 3

Which of the following statements can be used as an example to describe the law of definite proportion?

A.48g of magnesium ribbon burns in excess oxygen to form 80g of magnesium oxide
B.The mass in gram of oxygen to phosphorus in P4O10 to that in P4O6 is in 3:2 ratio
C.White chalk consists of the elements Calcium, carbon and oxygen which are combined in the mass ratio of 10:3:12 regardless of its source.
D.Water is a colorless liquid at room temperature

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: C White chalk consists of the elements Calcium, carbon and oxygen which are combined in the mass ratio of 10:3:12 regardless of its source.

Maaliif

The law of definite proportion says a pure compound always holds the same elements in the same fixed mass ratio, whatever its source. Chalk always giving calcium, carbon and oxygen in a 10:3:12 mass ratio is exactly that. B is tempting, but comparing two different compounds of the same elements,

P_4O_{10}

against

P_4O_6

, is the law of multiple proportions.

Gaaffii 4

The statement 'The properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses' is the

A.Law of mass action
B.Mendeleev's periodic law
C.Modern periodic law
D.Law of definite proportion

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: B Mendeleev's periodic law

Maaliif

Mendeleev lined the elements up by increasing atomic mass and saw their properties repeat at regular intervals. That is his periodic law. C is the tempting answer, but the modern periodic law makes properties a function of atomic number, not atomic mass, and that change is what fixed the places where Mendeleev's order broke down.

Gaaffii 5

What was the main conclusion of the Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford?

A.Electrons carry a negative charge.
B.A proton is a hydrogen atom without an electron.
C.Electrons move around the nucleus in fixed orbits.
D.Most of the mass and all the positive charge of an atom are concentrated in a very small nucleus

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: D Most of the mass and all the positive charge of an atom are concentrated in a very small nucleus

Maaliif

Most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil, but a few came back at sharp angles. Rutherford read that to mean the atom is mostly empty space with all its positive charge and nearly all its mass packed into a very small centre, the nucleus. C is tempting, but the idea of fixed orbits came later from Bohr, not from this experiment.

Gaaffii 6

The number of protons, neutrons and electrons respectively in Cd2+ are _____.

A.48, 64, 48
B.48, 64, 46
C.48, 64, 50
D.48, 63, 46

Deebii fi ibsa ilaalaa

Deebii: B 48, 64, 46

Maaliif

Cadmium has atomic number 48, so every cadmium particle has 48 protons. The isotope in the question has mass number 112, so the neutron count is

112 - 48 = 64

. The 2+ charge means two electrons were lost, leaving

48 - 2 = 46

. A is tempting if you keep the electron count equal to the proton count, but that is only true for a neutral atom, not for an ion.

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Gaaffilee 65 kuusaa kana keessa jiran hunda akka waraqaa qormaataa maxxanfameetti, furtuu deebii ibsa 65 waliin immoo akka faayilii lammaffaatti. Maxxansaa yookiin daataa malee dubbisaa.

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Qormaatilee Keemistirii biroo bara 2018 A.L.I

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2017 A.L.I (2025)2017 A.L.I (2025), marsaa 1 2017 A.L.I (2025), maxxansa 2 2016 A.L.I (2024)2016 A.L.I (2024), Tigraay Fakkeenyaa, bara 2016 A.L.I 2015 A.L.I (2023)2014 A.L.I (2022)2013 A.L.I (2021)2012 A.L.I (2020)2011 A.L.I (2019)2010 A.L.I (2018)2009 A.L.I (2017)2008 A.L.I (2016)2007 A.L.I (2015)2006 A.L.I (2014)2005 A.L.I (2013)

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Kunneen gaaffilee dhugaa qormaata galuumsa Keemistirii bara 2018 A.L.I ti?

Eeyyee. Qormaata galuumsa yunivarsiitii biyyaalessaa kan Keemistirii barattoonni bara 2018 A.L.I (2026) fudhatan irraa fudhataman. Kuusaan keenya gaaffilee isaa 65 qaba; tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi ibsa gara kitaaba barnootaatti qajeelchu qabu.

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