Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 1 Keemistirii kutaa 9: Keemistirii fi Barbaachisummaa Isaa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 1 kitaaba Keemistirii kutaa 9 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

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Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 1
1–18
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 1

Asii jalqabi

Barnoota Temari boqonnaa 1

Barnoota viidiyoo gabaabaa boqonnaa kanaa, kan Temari'n qopheesse. Yommuu play tuqxu qofa fe'ama. Barnoonni kun Afaan Ingiliziitiin.

The five branches of chemistry · daqiiqaa 4 · Gaaffii qormaata darbe 2 hojjetaman

Kutaalee barnootaa

Barnoota achii jalqabee taphachiisuuf kutaa tokko tuqi.

Boqonnaan 1 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Definition and Scope of Chemistry

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 1

Kaardiiwwan fuula Keemistirii kutaa 9 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Damee Walitti HidhatanSaayinsiiwwan Walitti Dhufan
BiochemistryChemistry fi Biology
GeochemistryChemistry fi Geology
Physical chemistryChemistry fi Physics
Medicinal chemistryChemistry fi Medicine

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Keemistiriin saayinsiiwwan uumamaa biroo wajjin akkamitti akka wal-qabatu ibsuuf gargaara.

Of eeggadhu

Keemistiriin saayinsii giddugaleessaa ta'uu isaa yaadadhaa, sababiin isaas dameewwan hundi wantoota irratti hundaa'u.

Grade 9 Chemistry, fuula 2-18 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

DameeWaan qo'atu
Organic chemistryWantoota kaarboonii qaban. Kaarboonin compounds baay'ee hedduu uuma, keemikaalonni qaamolee lubbuu qaban keessa jiran hedduun isaanii isuma irratti hundaa'u.
Inorganic chemistryWantoota bu'uuraan kaarboonii irratti hin hundoofne, fakkeenyaaf compounds kattaa fi albuuda keessatti argaman.
Physical chemistryAmala waliigalaa, amala atoomii fi taatee sirna keemikaalaa keessatti mul'atan: saffisa deebii keemikaalaa, humna yeroo deebii sanaa dabarfamu, akkasumas caasaa wantootaa sadarkaa molekuulaatti.
Analytical chemistryQabiyyee wantootaa. Keemikaalota saamuda keessa jiran adda baasa, eenyummaa isaanii mirkaneessa, akkasumas safara.
BiochemistryAdeemsa keemikaalaa qaamolee lubbuu qaban keessatti raawwataman.

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Keemistiriin saayinsii amala, qabiyyee fi caasaa wantootaa, jijjiirama isaan keessa darban akkasumas humna yeroo jijjiirama sanaa gadi lakkifamu yookaan fudhatamu qo'atu dha, innis gara damee shanan ijootti qoodama. Dameewwan sana maqaa dhahuuf gabatee kana fayyadami; industrial chemistry fi environmental chemistry garuu shanan sana keessaa osoo hin taane bal'ina hojii keemistirii keessatti kan galan ta'uu yaadadhu.

Of eeggadhu

Wanti kaarboonii qabu hundi organic fakkaata, kanaafuu barattoonni CO2, CO, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CaC2 fi KCN organic chemistry jalatti galchu. Jahaanuu akka inorganic tti qo'atamu. Organic chemistry hydrocarbons irraa jalqaba; maatiiwwan kaarboonii shan immoo gama inorganic irratti hafu: oxides of carbon, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, cyanides fi carbides. Kanaafuu yaadni 'organic chemistry keemikaalota kaarboonii irratti hin hundoofne qo'ata' jedhu dogoggora. Organic chemistry kan kaarboonii irratti hundaa'e fudhata, kan hafan immoo inorganic chemistry fudhata.

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 1

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

Which statement best defines chemistry?

  1. A.The study of planets and stars in space.
  2. B.The science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances, the transformations they undergo, and the energy released or absorbed during these processes.
  3. C.The study of living things only.
  4. D.The study of rocks and the earth only.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B The science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances, the transformations they undergo, and the energy released or absorbed during these processes.

Sababa

The unit defines chemistry as the science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances, the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed. Studying living things is biology, and studying rocks and the earth is geology.

Gaaffii 2

Which branch of chemistry is the study of substances containing carbon?

  1. A.Inorganic chemistry
  2. B.Analytical chemistry
  3. C.Physical chemistry
  4. D.Organic chemistry
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D Organic chemistry

Sababa

Organic chemistry is the study of substances containing carbon. Inorganic chemistry studies substances that are, in general, not primarily based on carbon.

Gaaffii 3

According to the unit, geology is the study of what?

  1. A.Living things
  2. B.Matter and energy
  3. C.Rocks and the earth
  4. D.Chemical processes in living matter
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Rocks and the earth

Sababa

The unit says that geology is the study of rocks and the earth. Matter and energy belong to physics, and chemical processes in living matter belong to biochemistry.

Gaaffii 4

Which group of drugs is used to kill microbes present in toilets, floors, and drains?

  1. A.Disinfectants
  2. B.Analgesics
  3. C.Anesthetics
  4. D.Tranquilizers
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Disinfectants

Sababa

The unit says disinfectants are used to kill the microbes present in toilets, floors, and drains. Analgesics relieve pain, anesthetics relieve pain during operations, and tranquilizers calm patients with mental diseases.

Gaaffii 5

Table 1.1 lists some large and medium scale chemical enterprises in Ethiopia. How many of the listed enterprises are in the region shown as A.A (Addis Ababa)?

  1. A.4
  2. B.5
  3. C.7
  4. D.6
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D 6

Sababa

In Table 1.1, the enterprises in A.A are Chorra Gas and Chemical, Moha Soft Drinks CO2 Factory, Nefas Silk Paints, Kadisco Chemical Industry, Y.B Cosmetics, and Mekabe PLC (Cosmetics). That is 6 enterprises.

Gaaffii 6

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is located on the Blue Nile. According to the unit, how far upstream is it from the border with Sudan?

  1. A.3 km
  2. B.300 km
  3. C.30 km
  4. D.6,450 km
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C 30 km

Sababa

The unit says the GERD is located about 30 km upstream of the border with Sudan. The number 6,450 is the power of the project in MW, not a distance.

Gaaffii 7

Which of the following is a chemical fertilizer named in the unit?

  1. A.Urea
  2. B.Penicillin
  3. C.Cisplatin
  4. D.Taxol
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Urea

Sababa

The unit lists calcium super phosphate, urea, ammonium sulphate, and sodium nitrate as chemical fertilizers. Penicillin, cisplatin, and Taxol are named in the medicine section, not as fertilizers.

Gaaffii 8

The unit says carbon is capable of forming a very large number of chemicals. How many chemicals does it say carbon can form so far?

  1. A.Over two thousand
  2. B.Over two hundred thousand
  3. C.Over twenty million
  4. D.Over two billion
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Over twenty million

Sababa

The organic chemistry section says carbon is capable of forming a tremendously vast number of chemicals, over twenty million so far.

Gaaffii 9

Which field of chemistry deals with the processes that control the abundance, composition, and distribution of chemical compounds and isotopes in geologic environments?

  1. A.Geochemistry
  2. B.Biochemistry
  3. C.Medicinal chemistry
  4. D.Chemical physics
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Geochemistry

Sababa

The unit defines geochemistry as the overlap between chemistry and geology, and describes it as the study of the processes that control the abundance, composition, and distribution of chemical compounds and isotopes in geologic environments.

Gaaffii 10

The unit discusses the drug AZT, which is used for AIDS victims. Which statement about AZT is correct according to the unit?

  1. A.It cures HIV-AIDS completely.
  2. B.It fights the multiplication of the virus and prolongs the life of the victim.
  3. C.It prevents all infection from the virus.
  4. D.It is an antiseptic used to clean wounds.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B It fights the multiplication of the virus and prolongs the life of the victim.

Sababa

The unit says AZT does not cure HIV-AIDS. It fights the multiplication of the virus, which prolongs the life of the victim.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 1

Boqonnaan 1 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 1 hanga fuula 18 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 186

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Keemistirii kutaa 9 hunda

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