ጥያቄ 1
Most textbooks and courses in comparative politics have traditionally distinguished between industrial (and primarily Western) democracies — the First World; communist states as the Second World; and poor countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America that had recently gained independence as the Third World. This categorization was based, in part, on distinctive economic features that helped characterize different political systems. Economic organization and performance both affected and reflected the realities of politics in these different political systems: the capitalist (or market) economies and high standard of living in North America, Western Europe, Japan, and a few other countries; the socialist (or planned) economies of countries ruled by a Communist Party, such as the Soviet Union and China; and the low level of economic development and widespread poverty characteristic of the Third World. Democracy was another dividing line in this way of looking at the nations of the world. The capitalist industrialized countries were not only wealthy but also stable and democratic; communist systems were unquestionably dictatorial; and Third World nations had a despotic leader, one- party rule, a military regime, or — at best — democracy marred by high levels of social and political violence. One of the consequences of the many profound changes of recent decades is that these economic and political differences among types of countries are no longer so clear. For one thing, sharp differences in growth rates among developing countries in recent years make it difficult to generalize with confidence about the Third World. Furthermore, scores of developing countries have become democratic in the past two decades. From Argentina to Zimbabwe, countries that were formerly undemocratic have adopted democratic institutions. Linked to the swelling of the ranks of democratic countries in the Third World has been the near- disappearance of countries in the Second World. Beginning in 1989, the collapse of communism in the former Soviet Union and East Central Europe set off a revolutionary change in world politics. Only a handful of countries — China, Cuba, Vietnam, Laos, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) — are now ruled by communist parties and declare an allegiance to communist ideology. It follows that "Second World" is no longer a useful category by which to classify countries. These recent economic and political trends challenge and complicate the way that comparativists categorize the world's countries. But we believe that "Third World" remains a valid and useful concept and that the countries included in this text continue to share many distinct characteristics that allow us to identify them as part of the Third World. The purpose of mentioning China, Cuba, Vietnam, Laos, and North Korea is to show that...
- A.No country today shows allegiance to communist ideology
- B.The world has known only a handful of countries who were ruled by communist parties
- C.These are the countries that are still under the rule of communist parties
- D.The world is still deeply divided in ideology
መልሱን እና ማብራሪያውን ይመልከቱ
መልስ፦ C These are the countries that are still under the rule of communist parties
ለምን
The five countries are named in the sentence "Only a handful of countries ... are now ruled by communist parties and declare an allegiance to communist ideology". The list is there to show which states still have communist rule after 1989. Option A says no country shows allegiance to communist ideology, but that same sentence says these five do.
