የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ12ኛ ክፍል ጂኦግራፊ ምዕራፍ 1፦ ከፕሌት ቴክቶኒክስ ጋር የተያያዙ ዋና ዋና ጂኦሎጂካል ሂደቶች

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ12ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 1 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 1 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
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የምዕራፍ 1 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 1 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Continental Drift Theory
  2. 2.Plate Tectonics Theory
  3. 3.Plate Movements and Plate Boundaries
  4. 4.Major Geological Processes

የምዕራፍ 1 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ12ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

ቅርጽአቀማመጥመለያ ባሕርይ
Batholithጥልቅ የሆነ ትልቅ domeበመቶዎች የሚቆጠሩ ስኩዌር ኪሎ ሜትሮችን የሚሸፍን massive intrusion
Sillወደ horizontal የቀረበ sheetበነባር የድንጋይ ንጣፎች መካከል parallel ሆኖ የሚገባ
Dikeወደ vertical የቀረበ sheetየድንጋይ ንጣፎችን በሚያቋርጡ vertical ስንጥቆች ውስጥ የሚቀዘቅዝ

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ማግማ ከመሬት ወለል በታች ቀዝቅዞ ሲጠናከር የሚፈጠሩትን የፕሉቶኒክ አለት ቅርጾች ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ሲል ከአለቶች ንብርብር ጋር ትይዩ ሆኖ በአግድም ሲፈጠር፤ ዳይክ ግን የአለት ንብርብሮችን ቆርጦ ወደ ላይ በቁም የሚፈጠር ነው።

ከGrade 12 Geography፣ ገጽ 2-34 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የወሰን ዓይነትአንጻራዊ እንቅስቃሴበቅርፊት ላይ ያለው ተጽዕኖምሳሌዎች
Convergent (Destructive)Plateዎች ወደ እርስ በርሳቸው ይንቀሳቀሳሉይበልጥ ጥቅጥቅ ያለ Crust ወደ ውስጥ ሰጥሞ ይቀልጣልAndes, Himalayas, Mariana Islands
Divergent (Constructive)Plateዎች ከእርስ በርሳቸው ይራራቃሉወደ ላይ የሚወጣ Magma አዲስ crust ይፈጥራልMid-Atlantic Ridge, East African Rift
Transform (Conservative)Plateዎች ጎን ለጎን እርስ በርስ ይተላለፋሉCrust አይፈጠርም እንዲሁም አይወድምምSan Andreas Fault

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የቴክቶኒክ ሰሌዳዎች እንቅስቃሴን፤ የወሰን ዓይነቶችንና የሚፈጥሯቸውን መልክዓ ምድራዊ ገጽታዎች ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ትራንስፎርም ወሰንን ከተጋጣሚ ወይም ከተራራቂ ወሰኖች ጋር አያምታቱ። በትራንስፎርም ስብራት ላይ አዲስ ቅርፊት አይፈጠርም ወይም አይወድምም።

ከGrade 12 Geography፣ ገጽ 2-34 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የማዕበል ዓይነትዘርፍየንዝረት አቅጣጫዋነኛ ባሕርይ
P waves (Primary)Body waveየwave ጉዞ አቅጣጫ ጋር parallelድንጋይን በተለዋዋጭ ሁኔታ compress እና expand ያደርጋል
S waves (Secondary)Body waveከwave ጉዞ አቅጣጫ ጋር በ right anglesበEarth አካል ውስጥ P wavesን ይከተላል
Surface waves (Love, Rayleigh)Surface waveበEarth surface ላይበጣም ቀርፋፋ፣ ትልቁ amplitude ያለው፣ ከፍተኛ ውድመት የሚያስከትል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ወቅት የሚፈጠሩትን የውስጥና የገጽታ ማዕበላት ባሕርያት ለማወዳደር ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የገጽታ ማዕበላት ከውስጥ ማዕበላት በዝግታ የሚጓዙ ቢሆንም፤ ከፍተኛ ስፋት ስላላቸው ከፍተኛ ውድመት የሚያስከትሉት እነርሱ ናቸው።

ከGrade 12 Geography፣ ገጽ 2-34 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 1 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

According to the continental drift theory, what was the northern part of the supercontinent Pangaea called?

  1. A.Gondwanaland
  2. B.Laurasia
  3. C.Asthenosphere
  4. D.Lithosphere
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Laurasia

ምክንያቱ

When the supercontinent Pangaea broke apart during the Mesozoic era, its northern part became known as Laurasia, while the southern part was called Gondwanaland.

ጥያቄ 2

Based on the textbook classification of volcanoes, which of the following is an example of an active volcano in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Mount Zuqualla
  2. B.Mount Kilimanjaro
  3. C.Erta Ale
  4. D.Mount Ras Dejen
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Erta Ale

ምክንያቱ

Erta Ale is an active volcano because it has erupted within the last 500 years. Mount Zuqualla is classified as extinct, and Mount Kilimanjaro is dormant.

ጥያቄ 3

At which type of plate boundary is crust neither created nor destroyed as plates slide past each other?

  1. A.Convergent boundary
  2. B.Divergent boundary
  3. C.Constructive boundary
  4. D.Transform boundary
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ D Transform boundary

ምክንያቱ

Along a transform boundary (conservative boundary), plates slide past each other horizontally along faults, so crust is neither created nor destroyed.

ጥያቄ 4

During the process of rock folding, what is an upward bend or arch of rock called?

  1. A.Syncline
  2. B.Anticline
  3. C.Graben
  4. D.Horst
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Anticline

ምክንያቱ

When rock layers are compressed and bend upward, they form an upfold called an anticline. A downward arch is called a syncline.

ጥያቄ 5

Which fossil organism was used by Alfred Wegener as key evidence that Africa and South America were once joined together?

  1. A.Mesosaurus
  2. B.Trilobite
  3. C.Mammoth
  4. D.Archaeopteryx
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Mesosaurus

ምክንያቱ

Fossils of Mesosaurus, a small reptile that lived about 250 million years ago, were discovered in both South America and Africa, supporting Wegener's theory.

ጥያቄ 6

The Andes Mountains and their volcanoes were formed by the subduction of which oceanic plate under the South American Plate?

  1. A.Indo-Australian Plate
  2. B.Nazca Plate
  3. C.Eurasian Plate
  4. D.North American Plate
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Nazca Plate

ምክንያቱ

The eastward-moving Nazca Plate is denser oceanic crust that is subducted beneath the westward-moving South American continental plate, producing the Andes Mountains.

ጥያቄ 7

What depth of earthquakes releases more than 75 percent of the world's annual seismic energy?

  1. A.Shallow focus (less than about 60 kilometers deep)
  2. B.Intermediate focus (60 to 300 kilometers deep)
  3. C.Deep focus (300 to 700 kilometers deep)
  4. D.Benioff zone focus (greater than 700 kilometers deep)
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Shallow focus (less than about 60 kilometers deep)

ምክንያቱ

More than 75 percent of annual seismic energy is released by shallow focus earthquakes, which originate at depths of less than about 60 kilometers.

ጥያቄ 8

In limestone caves such as the Sof Omar Cave in Bale, what is a mineral column that slowly grows upward from the floor called?

  1. A.Stalactite
  2. B.Stalagmite
  3. C.Scree
  4. D.Exfoliation dome
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Stalagmite

ምክንያቱ

Deposits that build upward from the cave floor are called stalagmites. Columns that hang down from the cave ceiling are called stalactites.

ጥያቄ 9

Which intrusive igneous rock formation is created when magma rises through a near vertical crack and solidifies into a wall-like sheet?

  1. A.Batholith
  2. B.Sill
  3. C.Dike
  4. D.Caldera
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Dike

ምክንያቱ

A dike forms when magma rises through a near-vertical crack and cools into a vertical sheet of rock. A sill is a horizontal sheet between layers, and a batholith is a massive dome-shaped intrusion.

ጥያቄ 10

Which of the following mountain ranges is classified as an old fold mountain rather than a young fold mountain?

  1. A.The Himalayas
  2. B.The Alps
  3. C.The Ural Mountains
  4. D.The Atlas Mountains
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C The Ural Mountains

ምክንያቱ

The Ural Mountains (along with the Appalachians and Scandinavian Mountains) are old fold mountains dating back 250 to 300 million years. The Himalayas, Alps, and Atlas Mountains were formed during the recent Alpine orogeny.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 1 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 1 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 2 እስከ ገጽ 34 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 266 ገጾች

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