የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ12ኛ ክፍል የመረጃ ቴክኖሎጂ ምዕራፍ 3፦ Database Management System

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ12ኛ ክፍል የየመረጃ ቴክኖሎጂ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 3 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

ከ Google Play ያውርዱ
4
ካርዶች
10
የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
60–99
የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Overview of Relational Database Management System
  2. 2.Database Manipulation Using SQL
  3. 3.Using SQL in Microsoft Access
  4. 4.Data Definition Language (DDL)
  5. 5.Data Manipulation Language
  6. 6.Data Query Language: SELECT Command

የምዕራፍ 3 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ12ኛ ክፍል የየመረጃ ቴክኖሎጂ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ያሉ መረጃዎችን ለማስተካከል ወይም የተወሰኑ መረጃዎችን ከሰንጠረዥ ውስጥ ለማጥፋት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ያለ WHERE ገደብ የሚከናወን UPDATE ወይም DELETE ትዕዛዝ በሰንጠረዡ ውስጥ ያሉ ሁሉንም መረጃዎች በአንድ ጊዜ ይለውጣል ወይም ያጠፋል።

ከGrade 12 Information Communication Technology፣ ገጽ 60-99 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

ምድብትዕዛዞችዓላማ
DDLCREATE, ALTER, DROPየdatabase እና የtable structureዎችን define እና modify ያደርጋል (ይገልጻል እንዲሁም ያሻሽላል)።
DMLINSERT, UPDATE, DELETEበtableዎች ውስጥ የተከማቹ recordዎችን manipulate እና manage ያደርጋል (ያቀናብራል እንዲሁም ያስተዳድራል)።
DQLSELECTከtableዎች ውስጥ የdata recordዎችን query እና retrieve ያደርጋል (ይፈልጋል እንዲሁም ያወጣል)።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የተለያዩ የ Structured Query Language መግለጫዎችን ተግባር እና ምድብ ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የሰንጠረዥን መዋቅር የሚቀይሩ የ DDL ትዕዛዞችን እና የውስጥ ዳታን የሚቀይሩ የ DML ትዕዛዞችን አያምታቱ።

ከGrade 12 Information Communication Technology፣ ገጽ 60-99 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

ሐረግ (Clause)ተግባርአስፈላጊነት
SELECTretrieve የሚደረጉትን fields ይዘረዝራልአዎ
FROMsource tablesን ይዘረዝራልአዎ
WHEREበተገለጸው መስፈርት መሰረት recordsን filter ያደርጋልአማራጭ
ORDER BYውጤቶችን በ ascending (ASC) ወይም descending (DESC) ቅደም ተከተል sort ያደርጋልአማራጭ

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ከአንድ ወይም ከዚያ በላይ ሰንጠረዦች መረጃዎችን ለመምረጥ፣ ለማጣራት እና በቅደም ተከተል ለማስቀመጥ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

በ ORDER BY ውስጥ ነባሪው አደራደር ከትንሽ ወደ ትልቅ (ASC) ነው። የሜዳ ስሞች በሰንጠረዡ ውስጥ ከተገለጹት ጋር ትክክለኛ ተመሳሳይ መሆን አለባቸው።

ከGrade 12 Information Communication Technology፣ ገጽ 60-99 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በ CREATE TABLE ወይም ALTER TABLE አማካኝነት ሁለት ሰንጠረዦችን እርስ በእርስ ለማገናኘት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የውጭ ቁልፍ (foreign key) ከዋናው ቁልፍ (primary key) ጋር አንድ ዓይነት የዳታ አይነት (data type) ሊኖረው ይገባል። ዳታ ከማስገባትዎ በፊት ዝምድናዎችን መመስረትዎን ያረጋግጡ።

ከGrade 12 Information Communication Technology፣ ገጽ 60-99 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

In a relational database, what does a single row in a table represent?

  1. A.An attribute
  2. B.A record or tuple
  3. C.A data type
  4. D.A database schema
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B A record or tuple

ምክንያቱ

In a relational database, each column represents an attribute or field, while each row represents a record (also called a tuple).

ጥያቄ 2

Which category of SQL commands is used to create, modify, or delete the structure of tables in a database?

  1. A.Data Manipulation Language (DML)
  2. B.Data Definition Language (DDL)
  3. C.Data Query Language (DQL)
  4. D.Data Control Language (DCL)
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Data Definition Language (DDL)

ምክንያቱ

Data Definition Language (DDL) contains commands such as CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and DROP TABLE that define and alter database structures.

ጥያቄ 3

According to the data types used in MS Access, how much storage size does a Yes/No field occupy?

  1. A.1 bit
  2. B.1 byte
  3. C.4 bytes
  4. D.8 bytes
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 1 bit

ምክንያቱ

In MS Access, the Yes/No data type holds one of two states (such as Yes/No, True/False, or On/Off) and uses 1 bit of storage.

ጥያቄ 4

In an SQL SELECT statement, what does the asterisk symbol (*) signify?

  1. A.Only primary key columns
  2. B.The first row in the table
  3. C.All columns in the table
  4. D.Only columns containing numerical data
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C All columns in the table

ምክንያቱ

When the SELECT keyword is followed by an asterisk (*), it instructs the database to return all columns (fields) from the table.

ጥያቄ 5

What is the maximum allowable character size for the TEXT data type in MS Access SQL?

  1. A.Up to 255 characters
  2. B.Up to 4,000 characters
  3. C.Up to 63,999 characters
  4. D.Up to 2,147,483,647 characters
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Up to 63,999 characters

ምክንያቱ

In MS Access, the CHAR data type stores up to 255 characters, whereas the TEXT data type is used for lengthy text and stores up to 63,999 characters.

ጥያቄ 6

A school administrator in Hawassa executes the following SQL command:
UPDATE Teacher SET T_Salary = 15000;
What is the result of running this command?

  1. A.Only the first teacher's salary is changed to 15,000 birr.
  2. B.The salary of all teachers in the table is changed to 15,000 birr.
  3. C.An error occurs because a WHERE clause is mandatory in every UPDATE statement.
  4. D.Only teachers earning less than 15,000 birr have their salary increased.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B The salary of all teachers in the table is changed to 15,000 birr.

ምክንያቱ

If the WHERE clause is omitted from an UPDATE statement, the specified modification is applied to every record in the table.

ጥያቄ 7

Which SQL clause is used to sort query results, and what is its default sorting order?

  1. A.ORDER BY, descending
  2. B.GROUP BY, ascending
  3. C.ORDER BY, ascending
  4. D.SORT BY, ascending
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C ORDER BY, ascending

ምክንያቱ

The ORDER BY clause specifies how to sort results. Ascending order (ASC) is the default sorting order if neither ASC nor DESC is specified.

ጥያቄ 8

What is the key difference between the DELETE command and the DROP TABLE command in SQL?

  1. A.DELETE removes the table structure, while DROP TABLE only deletes rows.
  2. B.DELETE removes data records while keeping the table structure, while DROP TABLE deletes the entire table.
  3. C.DELETE is a DDL command, while DROP TABLE is a DML command.
  4. D.DELETE removes only one record at a time, while DROP TABLE removes selected records.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B DELETE removes data records while keeping the table structure, while DROP TABLE deletes the entire table.

ምክንያቱ

The DELETE command (DML) removes records from a table without destroying the table structure, whereas DROP TABLE (DDL) removes the table and its structure completely.

ጥያቄ 9

Which SQL command correctly modifies an existing table named COURSE to set C_Department as a foreign key that references D_Number in the DEPARTMENT table?

  1. A.ALTER TABLE COURSE ADD FOREIGN KEY (C_Department) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (D_Number);
  2. B.UPDATE TABLE COURSE ADD FOREIGN KEY C_Department TO DEPARTMENT (D_Number);
  3. C.ALTER TABLE COURSE SET FOREIGN KEY (C_Department) = DEPARTMENT.D_Number;
  4. D.MODIFY TABLE COURSE FOREIGN KEY (C_Department) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (D_Number);
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A ALTER TABLE COURSE ADD FOREIGN KEY (C_Department) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (D_Number);

ምክንያቱ

To establish a relationship on an existing table using DDL, the syntax is: ALTER TABLE table_name ADD FOREIGN KEY (column_name) REFERENCES parent_table (primary_key_column);.

ጥያቄ 10

Consider the following SQL query executed on a SALES table:
SELECT CustomerId, SalesDate FROM SALES WHERE SalesDate BETWEEN '01-01-2020' AND '30-02-2020';
Which records are returned by this query?

  1. A.Only sales made strictly after 01-01-2020 and strictly before 30-02-2020
  2. B.Only sales made exactly on 01-01-2020 or on 30-02-2020
  3. C.All sales from 01-01-2020 to 30-02-2020, inclusive of both endpoint dates
  4. D.All sales outside the dates 01-01-2020 and 30-02-2020
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C All sales from 01-01-2020 to 30-02-2020, inclusive of both endpoint dates

ምክንያቱ

The BETWEEN ... AND condition defines a range where both the start point ('01-01-2020') and the end point ('30-02-2020') are included as part of the range.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 60 እስከ ገጽ 99 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 210 ገጾች

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ሁሉም የ12ኛ ክፍል የመረጃ ቴክኖሎጂ አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

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