የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ9ኛ ክፍል ጂኦግራፊ ምዕራፍ 6፦ የሰው እና የተፈጥሮ አካባቢ ግንኙነት በኢትዮጵያ

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ9ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 6 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 6 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
161–185
የምዕራፍ 6 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 6 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Human-environment relationship
  2. 2.Optimum population and resource use
  3. 3.Over population and resource use
  4. 4.Under population and resource use
  5. 5.Impacts of rapid population growth

የምዕራፍ 6 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ9ኛ ክፍል የጂኦግራፊ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

የመስተጋብር መንገድትርጉምምሳሌ
Dependence (ጥገኝነት)ለመሰረታዊ ህልውና በአካባቢ ሀብቶች ላይ መደገፍአየር፣ ውሃ፣ ምግብ እና መጠለያ
Modification (ማሻሻል/መለወጥ)የሰውን ፍላጎት ለማሟላት አካላዊ አካባቢን መለወጥለእርሻ ደኖችን መንጠር፣ ሰፈራዎችን መገንባት
Adaptation (መላመድ)ከአካባቢ ሁኔታዎች ጋር እንዲስማማ የሰውን የአኗኗር ዘይቤ ማስተካከልለአየር ሁኔታ ልብሶችን መቀየር፣ አስቸጋሪ የአየር ንብረት ባላቸው ቦታዎች መኖር

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የሰው ልጅ ከአካባቢው ጋር ያለውን ግንኙነት እና መስተጋብር ለመለየት ይህንን ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ማላመድን (ከተፈጥሮ ጋር አኗኗርን ማስማማት) እና ማሻሻልን (ተፈጥሮን በተግባር መለወጥ) አያምታቱ።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 161-185 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የሕዝብ ሁኔታከሀብት ጋር ያለው ግንኙነትዋና መገለጫ
Optimum Populationሀብቶች ከሚገኘው ቴክኖሎጂ ጋር የህዝብን ፍላጎት ያስማማሉከፍተኛው per capita income እና የኑሮ ደረጃ
Overpopulationየህዝብ ቁጥር ጥቅም ላይ ከዋለው ወይም ካለው የሀብት አቅም በላይ ይሆናልየሀብት መመናመን፣ ድህነት እና የአካባቢ መራቆት
Underpopulationያሉትን ሀብቶች ሙሉ በሙሉ ለመጠቀም የህዝብ ቁጥር በጣም አነስተኛ ነውየትርፍ ሀብት መኖር፣ የጉልበት እጥረት እና ጥቅም ላይ ያልዋለ አቅም

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በሀብት አቅርቦት ላይ በመመስረት ተስማሚ፣ ከመጠን በላይ እና ዝቅተኛ የሕዝብ ቁጥርን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ከመጠን በላይ የሕዝብ ቁጥር ማለት ከፍተኛ የሕዝብ ጥግግት ብቻ አይደለም። የሕዝቡ ቁጥር ካለው የተፈጥሮ ሀብት እና ቴክኖሎጂ አቅም በላይ ሲሆን ነው።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 161-185 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መደብዓመታዊ የንጹህ ውሃ ተደራሽነት በነፍስ ወከፍ
Water stress<1700 m3< 1700\text{ m}^3 per person per year
Water scarcity<1000 m3< 1000\text{ m}^3 per person per year

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በነፍስ ወከፍ የውሃ አቅርቦት ዓለም አቀፍ የመለያ መስፈርቶችን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

የውሃ እጥረት (water stress) ከ 1700 m^3 በታች ሲሆን፣ የውሃ እደራ (water scarcity) ደግሞ የከፋ ሆኖ ከ 1000 m^3 በታች ነው።

ከGrade 9 Geography፣ ገጽ 161-185 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 6 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

According to the textbook, what are the three main modes of interaction between human beings and the environment?

  1. A.Dependence, modification, and adaptation
  2. B.Extraction, trade, and industrialization
  3. C.Deforestation, pollution, and degradation
  4. D.Urbanization, overpopulation, and migration
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Dependence, modification, and adaptation

ምክንያቱ

The relationship between humans and the environment is expressed in three ways: dependence (relying on nature for basic needs), modification (changing nature to build settlements or farms), and adaptation (adjusting lifestyles to fit different environments).

ጥያቄ 2

Which sector withdraws and consumes the largest proportion of freshwater globally?

  1. A.Domestic sector
  2. B.Agricultural sector
  3. C.Industrial manufacturing
  4. D.Mining and energy generation
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Agricultural sector

ምክንያቱ

Globally, agriculture (principally irrigation) is the largest user of water compared to domestic and industrial sectors.

ጥያቄ 3

What is meant by the concept of optimum population?

  1. A.When a population is too small to harvest existing natural resources
  2. B.When the number of people exceeds the available food supply
  3. C.When available resources equal population needs, yielding the highest quality of life
  4. D.When a country experiences rapid population decline and closed borders
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C When available resources equal population needs, yielding the highest quality of life

ምክንያቱ

An optimum population exists when the amount of resources available in a country matches the population needs, providing the highest income per capita and highest living standards.

ጥያቄ 4

What is the most important source of renewable energy currently harnessed to generate electricity in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Solar energy
  2. B.Water (hydroelectric power)
  3. C.Wind power
  4. D.Geothermal power
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Water (hydroelectric power)

ምክንያቱ

Water is the most important renewable energy source in Ethiopia, developed through several hydroelectric power stations including the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.

ጥያቄ 5

A country is classified as water stressed when its annual freshwater availability falls below which threshold per person?

  1. A.1,000 m<sup>3</sup>
  2. B.1,700 m<sup>3</sup>
  3. C.2,500 m<sup>3</sup>
  4. D.3,000 m<sup>3</sup>
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B 1,700 m<sup>3</sup>

ምክንያቱ

Countries with less than 1,700 m3 of water per person per year are defined as water stressed, while those with less than 1,000 m3 are defined as water scarce.

ጥያቄ 6

At the national level in Ethiopia, what percentage of total domestic energy consumption is supplied by biomass energy?

  1. A.About 50%
  2. B.About 75%
  3. C.Over 99%
  4. D.About 25%
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Over 99%

ምክንያቱ

According to the textbook, biomass energy accounts for over 99% of total domestic energy consumption in Ethiopia (92% for households and the rest for small enterprises).

ጥያቄ 7

What is the estimated current annual loss of high forests in Ethiopia?

  1. A.10,000 to 25,000 hectares
  2. B.50,000 to 80,000 hectares
  3. C.150,000 to 200,000 hectares
  4. D.500,000 to 750,000 hectares
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C 150,000 to 200,000 hectares

ምክንያቱ

The textbook states that the current annual loss of high forests in Ethiopia is estimated at 150,000 to 200,000 hectares.

ጥያቄ 8

Which statement correctly describes relative overpopulation?

  1. A.The absolute limit of production has been reached and no more can be produced
  2. B.Present production is inadequate for the population, although greater production is feasible
  3. C.The population is too small to exploit vast available resources
  4. D.All available land is fully mechanized and there is a shortage of farm workers
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Present production is inadequate for the population, although greater production is feasible

ምክንያቱ

Relative overpopulation occurs when current production does not meet the needs of the population, even though it is technically possible to increase production.

ጥያቄ 9

Of the total biomass energy consumed in Ethiopia, what percentage is derived specifically from woody biomass?

  1. A.About 12%
  2. B.About 50%
  3. C.About 78%
  4. D.About 92%
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C About 78%

ምክንያቱ

Of the biomass energy used in Ethiopia, about 78% comes from woody biomass, 12% from animal dung, and 9% from crop residues.

ጥያቄ 10

According to historical estimates presented in the textbook, what percentage of Ethiopia was covered by high forests in the early 1950s?

  1. A.2.7%
  2. B.3.6%
  3. C.7.0%
  4. D.16.0%
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ D 16.0%

ምክንያቱ

High forests covered 16% of Ethiopia in the early 1950s, which dropped to 3.6% in the early 1980s and 2.7% by 1989.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 6 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 6 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 161 እስከ ገጽ 185 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 247 ገጾች

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