የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ9ኛ ክፍል ፊዚክስ ምዕራፍ 3፦ እንቅስቃሴ በቀጥታ መስመር

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ9ኛ ክፍል የፊዚክስ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 3 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

5
ካርዶች: 10
የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች: 36–59
የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 የሚሸፍነው

1.Position, Distance and Displacement
2.Average Speed and Instantaneous Speed
3.Average Velocity and Instantaneous Velocity
4.Acceleration
5.Uniform Motion
6.Graphical Representation of Motion

የምዕራፍ 3 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ9ኛ ክፍል የፊዚክስ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

Average Accelerationቀመር

\vec{a}_{av} = \frac{\vec{v}_f - \vec{v}_i}{t_f - t_i} = \frac{\Delta \vec{v}}{\Delta t}

\vec{a}_{av} = \frac{\vec{v}_f - \vec{v}_i}{t_f - t_i} = \frac{\Delta \vec{v}}{\Delta t}

$\vec{a}_{av}$: አማካይ ፍጥንጥነት $m\,s^{-2}$
$\vec{v}_f$: የመጨረሻ ቬሎሲቲ $m\,s^{-1}$
$\vec{v}_i$: የመጀመሪያ ቬሎሲቲ $m\,s^{-1}$
$\Delta \vec{v}$: የቬሎሲቲ ለውጥ $m\,s^{-1}$
$\Delta t$: የጊዜ ልዩነት $s$

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በአንድ የጊዜ ቆይታ ውስጥ ያለውን የ velocity ለውጥ ምጣኔ ለማስላት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

አንድ አካል ፍጥነቱን ሲቀንስ የመጨረሻው velocity ከመነሻው ስለሚያንስ acceleration አሉታዊ (deceleration) ይሆናል።

ከGrade 9 Physics፣ ገጽ 36-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

Average Speedቀመር

v_{av} = \frac{s_{tot}}{t_{tot}}

v_{av} = \frac{s_{tot}}{t_{tot}}

$v_{av}$: አማካይ ፍጥነት $m\,s^{-1}$
$s_{tot}$: አጠቃላይ ርቀት $m$
$t_{tot}$: አጠቃላይ ጊዜ $s$

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የተጓዙትን ጠቅላላ ርቀት ለፈጀው ጠቅላላ ጊዜ በማካፈል ለማስላት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ከማስላትዎ በፊት ዩኒቶችን ያስተካክሉ። km/h ወደ m/s ለመቀየር በ 10/36 ያባዙ።

ከGrade 9 Physics፣ ገጽ 36-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

Average Velocityቀመር

\vec{v}_{av} = \frac{\Delta \vec{S}}{\Delta t} = \frac{\vec{S}_f - \vec{S}_i}{t_f - t_i}

\vec{v}_{av} = \frac{\Delta \vec{S}}{\Delta t} = \frac{\vec{S}_f - \vec{S}_i}{t_f - t_i}

$\vec{v}_{av}$: አማካይ ቬሎሲቲ $m\,s^{-1}$
$\Delta \vec{S}$: ስደት $m$
$\vec{S}_f$: የመጨረሻ አቀማመጥ $m$
$\vec{S}_i$: የመጀመሪያ አቀማመጥ $m$
$\Delta t$: የጊዜ ልዩነት $s$
$t_f$: የመጨረሻ ጊዜ $s$
$t_i$: የመጀመሪያ ጊዜ $s$

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በአንድ በተወሰነ አቅጣጫ እና የጊዜ ቆይታ ውስጥ ያለውን የቦታ ለውጥ ምጣኔ ለማስላት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

Displacement የሚወሰነው በመነሻ እና በመድረሻ ቦታዎች ብቻ ነው። በመንገዱ ላይ የተጓዙትን ጠቅላላ ርቀት አይወክልም።

ከGrade 9 Physics፣ ገጽ 36-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የ Motion ግራፎች ትንተናየማጣቀሻ ሠንጠረዥS-t · v-t

ግራፍ	Slope	ከመስመሩ በታች ያለው ስፋት
$S-t$	velocity	ምንም ፊዚካዊ ትርጉም የለውም
$v-t$	acceleration	distance ወይም displacement

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ከ position-time እና velocity-time ግራፎች ላይ velocity, acceleration, ወይም distance ለማግኘት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

የ v-t ግራፍ slope acceleration ሲሆን ከስሩ ያለው ስፋት ግን distance ወይም displacement ነው። slope እና area እንዳይቀያየሩ።

ከGrade 9 Physics፣ ገጽ 36-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የመመለሻ ጉዞ Displacementየተለመደ ስህተት

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

አንድ አካል ተጉዞ ወደ መነሻ ቦታው ሲመለስ ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

አንድ አካል ወደ መነሻ ቦታው ሲመለስ displacement እና average velocity ዜሮ ይሆናሉ፤ ነገር ግን total distance እና average speed ከዜሮ በላይ ናቸው።

ከGrade 9 Physics፣ ገጽ 36-59 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between distance and displacement?

A.Distance is a scalar quantity, while displacement is a vector quantity.
B.Distance is a vector quantity, while displacement is a scalar quantity.
C.Distance depends only on the initial and final positions.
D.Displacement is always greater than distance.

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Distance is a scalar quantity, while displacement is a vector quantity.

ምክንያቱ

Distance is the total path length traveled and has no direction, so it is a scalar quantity. Displacement is the change in position in a specific direction, which makes it a vector quantity.

ጥያቄ 2

Which instrument in an automobile is used to measure its instantaneous speed?

A.Odometer
B.Speedometer
C.Thermometer
D.Barometer

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Speedometer

ምክንያቱ

A speedometer shows the speed of a vehicle at a specific instant in time, which is its instantaneous speed.

ጥያቄ 3

What physical quantity is represented by the slope of a position-versus-time graph?

A.Acceleration
B.Total distance
C.Velocity
D.Displacement

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Velocity

ምክንያቱ

The slope of a position-versus-time graph is the rise (change in position) over run (change in time), which gives velocity (v = ΔS / Δt).

ጥያቄ 4

A student walks 500 m from home to school in Bahir Dar and then returns home along the exact same path. What is the student's total displacement for the entire trip?

A.0 m
B.500 m
C.1000 m
D.250 m

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 0 m

ምክንያቱ

Displacement depends only on the initial and final positions. Because the student returns to the starting point (home), the final position equals the initial position, so the displacement is 0 m.

ጥያቄ 5

A train travels on a straight track from Addis Ababa towards Mojo at a constant speed. If it covers a distance of 2400 meters in 80 seconds, what is its speed?

A.30 m/s
B.40 m/s
C.60 m/s
D.100 m/s

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 30 m/s

ምክንያቱ

Speed is calculated as distance divided by time: v = s / t = 2400 m / 80 s = 30 m/s.

ጥያቄ 6

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 10 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?

A.0.5 m/s2
B.1 m/s2
C.2 m/s2
D.5 m/s2

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C 2 m/s2

ምክንያቱ

Starting from rest means initial velocity v_i = 0. Acceleration is a = (v_f - v_i) / Δt = (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 10 s = 2 m/s².

ጥያቄ 7

A bus travels along a straight highway from Hawassa at a constant speed of 90 km/h. How far does the bus travel in 15 minutes?

A.12.5 km
B.22.5 km
C.30.0 km
D.50.0 km

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B 22.5 km

ምክንያቱ

Convert time to hours: 15 minutes = 15 / 60 hours = 0.25 hours. Then distance is s = v × t = 90 km/h × 0.25 h = 22.5 km.

ጥያቄ 8

A cyclist rides 3 km west and then turns around to ride 2 km east. What is the net displacement of the cyclist?

A.1 km west
B.1 km east
C.5 km west
D.5 km east

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 1 km west

ምክንያቱ

Taking west as negative and east as positive, the displacement is -3 km + 2 km = -1 km, which means 1 km west.

ጥያቄ 9

An airplane lands on a runway with an initial velocity of 70.0 m/s and decelerates at 1.50 m/s² for 40.0 s. What is its final velocity?

A.0.0 m/s
B.10.0 m/s
C.60.0 m/s
D.130.0 m/s

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B 10.0 m/s

ምክንያቱ

Deceleration is negative acceleration (a = -1.50 m/s²). Using v_f = v_i + aΔt: v_f = 70.0 m/s + (-1.50 m/s² × 40.0 s) = 70.0 m/s - 60.0 m/s = 10.0 m/s.

ጥያቄ 10

Which of the following is correct for an object undergoing uniform rectilinear motion?

A.Its acceleration is zero, and the area under its velocity-time graph gives the distance covered.
B.Its acceleration is constant and positive, and the slope of its position-time graph is zero.
C.Its instantaneous velocity is always different from its average velocity.
D.The velocity-time graph is a vertical line.

መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Its acceleration is zero, and the area under its velocity-time graph gives the distance covered.

ምክንያቱ

In uniform rectilinear motion, velocity is constant, which means acceleration is zero (a = 0). The area under a horizontal velocity-time graph represents the distance traveled (s = v × t).

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 36 እስከ ገጽ 59 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 179 ገጾች

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ሁሉም የ9ኛ ክፍል ፊዚክስ አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

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