Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa
Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 11 kitaaba Qonna kutaa 12 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.
Kaardiiwwan fuula Qonna kutaa 12 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Haala uumamaa Itoophiyaa keessatti dammi waggatti si'a tokkoo ol akka walitti qabamu taasisu ibsuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Dammi waggatti yoo xiqqaate si'a lama kan oomishamu sababa roobni yeroo lama (bimodal) roobee yeroo daraaraa uumuufi.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 201-216 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Agarsiiftuu Horsiisa Kinnisaa | Gatii |
|---|---|
| Sanyiiwwan biqiltoota melliferous | > 7000 |
| Sanyiiwwan kanniisa bosonaa | 5 |
| Colonies bosonaafi baqaqaalee keessatti argaman | > 2000000 |
| Dandeettii oomisha dammaa waggaa | 500000 tons |
| Dandeettii oomisha gagaa waggaa | 50000 tons |
| Midhaan pollinators irratti hirkatan | 62.2% (midhaan 53 keessaa 33) |
| Qooda pollination GDP qonnaa keessaa | 6.24% (0.815 billion USD) |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Oodeeffannoo biqiloota dammaa, baay'ina gaafaa, dandeettii oomishaafi faayidaa dinagdee pollination Itoophiyaa keessaa eeruuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Gatiin dinagdee pollination doolaara biliyoona 0.815 tajaajila sirna-naannoo al-kallattii malee galii dammaa kallattii miti.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 201-216 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gita | Kornyaa | Baay'ina | Gahee Guddaa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Queen (Mootuu) | Dhalaa | 1 | Colony keessatti hanqaaquu hunda buusti |
| Drone | Korma | Baay'ee | Queen waliin wal qunnama |
| Worker (Hojjettuu) | Dhalaa | 60000 | Colony kunuunsa akkasumas qabeenya walitti qaba |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Caasaa hawaasummaa, kornyaa, baay'inaafi gahee miseensota gaafaa kinnisaa adda baasuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Hojjettoonni dhaltuu ta'anis hin wal-horan. Giiftii tokkittii qofatu hanqaaquu buusa.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 201-216 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Sirna | Dizaayinii Gaaguraa | Caasaa fi Amaloota Ijoo |
|---|---|---|
| Aadaa (Traditional) | Gaagura siliindarii bosonaa yookiin qe'ee | Caasaa gungumaa siliindarii salphaa yookiin qola mukaa, combs hin sochoone |
| Ce'umsaa (Transitional) | Top-bar hive | Sanduuqa dheeraa darbii tokkoo, dallaa gara keessaatti dhabate, top bars socho'an kan bal'ina murtaa'aa qaban |
| Amayyaa (Modern) | Gaagura Movable-frame (fakkeenyaaf Langstroth) | Sanduuqota reektaangulaaraa walirra tuulaman, super frames akka waqtiitti jijjiiramuu danda'an |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gaagura aadaa, cehumsaa fi ammayyaa caasaa isaaniitiin walbira qabuuf gargaara.
Of eeggadhu
Gaagurri firiimii socho'u bara 1851tti Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth tiin uumame.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 217-225 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Tartiiba nyaata dabalataa kanniisaa fi hojiilee bulchiinsa gaaguraa adda baasuuf fayyada.
Of eeggadhu
Hambistuu mootuu (queen excluder) erga damma muratanii booda yeruma sana kaafamuu qaba. Tartiibni nyaata dabalataa: sirOOPii sukkaaraa, daakuu shiroo, daakuu garbuu, daakuu boqqoolloo, damma, fi faafaa dha.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 217-225 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Mallattoo Ilaalchaa | Haala Garee Kanniisaa |
|---|---|
| Ulee qorannoo galfame irratti bifa aannanii | brood rearing si'ataan adeemsarra jiraachuu |
| Ulee irratti dhandhama mi'aawaa fi bifa keelloo | mature honey haammannaaf qophii ta'e |
| Miila kanniisotaa irratti pollen mul'achuu | brood rearing si'ataan adeemsarra jiraachuu |
| Miilli kanniisotaa pollen irraa bilisa ta'uu | Sadarkaa damma qopheessuu (mature honey jiraachuu) |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gareen kanniisaa yeroo ijoollee guddisuu irra jiraachuu yookaan damma haammachuuf qophii ta'uu adda baasuuf itti fayyadamaa.
Of eeggadhu
Yeroo uleen qorannoo dhangala'aa aannan fakkaatu fidu damma haammachuun ijoollee kanniisaa mancaasa.
Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 226-242 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.
Gaaffii 1
According to the textbook, how many melliferous plant species exist in Ethiopia?
Deebii: A Over 7,000
Sababa
The text states that there are over 7,000 melliferous plant species in Ethiopia that produce nectar and pollen for bees.
Gaaffii 2
Which trophic category includes fish that feed on dead and partially decomposed plants through the action of bacteria and fungi?
Deebii: B Detrivorous fish
Sababa
Detrivorous fish feed on dead and decaying plant matter broken down by bacteria and fungi, and are mostly bottom dwellers (benthos).
Gaaffii 3
What is the fish culture technique where only one species of fish is raised in a water body?
Deebii: C Monoculture
Sababa
Monoculture refers to raising only one single species of fish (such as only tilapia or only catfish) in the available water body.
Gaaffii 4
What is the local name for the dried fish product commonly produced around Arba-Minch?
Deebii: A Quanta
Sababa
In Ethiopia, dried fish strips prepared by hanging them to dry for two to three days are known locally as Quanta.
Gaaffii 5
What is the recommended dissolved oxygen level for best management practice in fish rearing?
Deebii: A Around 4 mg/l
Sababa
Best practice shows that the dissolved oxygen level in rearing ponds should be around 4 mg/l to prevent mass fish death.
Gaaffii 6
Which of the following is classified as a passive fishing gear?
Deebii: C Gill net
Sababa
A gill net is stationary passive gear left in place for fish to swim into, whereas trawl, seine, and dredge nets are actively towed through water.
Gaaffii 7
Under what water temperature condition does Channel Catfish Virus Disease (CCVD) attack young fish?
Deebii: B 25 °C or above
Sababa
Channel catfish virus attacks swim-up fry to 10 cm fingerlings when water temperatures reach 25 °C or above.
Gaaffii 8
Out of the 53 major crops cultivated in Ethiopia, how many depend on biological pollinators like honey bees?
Deebii: C 33 crops (62.2%)
Sababa
The textbook notes that 33 out of 53 significant crops in Ethiopia (62.2%) depend directly on biological pollinators.
Gaaffii 9
Which digestive tract feature is characteristic of herbivorous fish species?
Deebii: A Large intestine and a small stomach
Sababa
Herbivorous fishes have a delicate, less acidic stomach that is small in size, combined with a large intestine to process plant materials.
Gaaffii 10
In fish processing and preservation, what parameter is being controlled when acids are added?
Deebii: B Chemical control of microbes (pH)
Sababa
Adding acids lowers the pH, which serves as a chemical control method against spoilage microorganisms.
Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 21 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.
Boqonnaan 11 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 210 hanga fuula 225 ti.
Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 302
Temari boqonnaa kana gara shaakala yeroon daangeffametti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.
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