Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 7 Jiyoograafii kutaa 12: Dhimmoota Ji'oograafii Addunyaa Ammayyaa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 7 kitaaba Jiyoograafii kutaa 12 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

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2
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 7
187–216
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 7

Asii jalqabi

Barnoota Temari boqonnaa 7

Barnoota viidiyoo gabaabaa boqonnaa kanaa, kan Temari'n qopheesse. Yommuu play tuqxu qofa fe'ama. Barnoonni kun Afaan Ingiliziitiin.

Three kinds of drought, and what brings them · daqiiqaa 4 · Gaaffii qormaata darbe 2 hojjetaman

Kutaalee barnootaa

Barnoota achii jalqabee taphachiisuuf kutaa tokko tuqi.

Boqonnaan 7 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Climate Change
  2. 2.Desertification
  3. 3.Drought
  4. 4.Famine

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 7

Kaardiiwwan fuula Jiyoograafii kutaa 12 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Bifa HanqinaaTurtiiSababa Ijoo
ChronicItti fufaaDandeettii dhabuu itti fufaa maatiin tokko nyaata gahaa bitachuu ykn oomishuu irratti qabu.
TransitoryYeroo gabaabaafGatiin garmalee dabaluu ykn oomishni rukutamuun kan ka'e yeroo gabaabaaf nyaata argachuu irratti hir'ina uumamu.

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Sadarkaalee hanqina wabii nyaataa fi beela adda baasuuf gargaara.

Of eeggadhu

Beelli bifa isa hamaa hanqina wabii nyaataa yeroo gabaabaati malee, hanqina wabii nyaataa dhaabbataa miti.

Grade 12 Geography, fuula 187-216 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gosa HongeeXiyyeeffannoo IjooAmala Ijoo
MeteorologicalHanqina precipitationRoobni giddugaleessa yeroo dheeraa naannoo tokkoo gadi baay'ee xiqqaata.
HydrologicalHanqina water resourceYaatiin lageenii, sadarkaan haroowwanii fi bishaan lafa jalaa ulaagaa idilee gadi bu'u.
AgriculturalHanqina soil moistureHanqinni bishaanii guddina midhaanii kallattiin gufachiisuun diinagdee baadiyyaa booressa.

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Hongee meetiyoorooloojikaalaa, haayidirooloojikaalaa fi qonnaa addaan baasuuf gargaara.

Of eeggadhu

Jechoota sadan kana akka wal-fakkaataatti hin fudhatinaa. Roobni naannichaa gaarii yoo ta'ellee, hanqina rooba naannoo ol-aanaatiin hongeen haayidirooloojikaalaa dhalachuu danda'a.

Grade 12 Geography, fuula 187-216 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 7

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

According to the textbook, at what rate are global sea levels currently rising per year?

  1. A.0.13 inches (3.2 millimeters)
  2. B.1.50 inches (38 millimeters)
  3. C.3.50 inches (88.9 millimeters)
  4. D.0.01 inches (0.25 millimeters)
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A 0.13 inches (3.2 millimeters)

Sababa

The textbook states that melting ice contributes to sea-level rise and global sea levels are rising at a rate of 0.13 inches (3.2 millimeters) a year.

Gaaffii 2

How does the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) define desertification?

  1. A.The natural expansion of hyper-arid sand dunes into wet forest regions
  2. B.Human induced land degradation in dry and sub-humid regions
  3. C.A permanent drop in ocean water levels caused by global cooling
  4. D.The complete loss of topsoil due solely to volcanic activity
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Human induced land degradation in dry and sub-humid regions

Sababa

The UNCCD defines desertification as human induced land degradation in dry and sub-humid regions.

Gaaffii 3

Which type of drought is defined using only precipitation statistics below long-term averages for a specific location?

  1. A.Hydrological drought
  2. B.Agricultural drought
  3. C.Meteorological drought
  4. D.Socioeconomic drought
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Meteorological drought

Sababa

Meteorological drought describes a reduction in rainfall below a specified amount based solely on precipitation statistics.

Gaaffii 4

According to the World Bank (1986), what term describes a temporary decline in a household's access to enough food?

  1. A.Chronic food insecurity
  2. B.Transitory food insecurity
  3. C.Permanent entitlement failure
  4. D.Agricultural aridity
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Transitory food insecurity

Sababa

Transitory food insecurity is defined as a temporary decline in a household's access to food, which in its worst form produces famine.

Gaaffii 5

Which drought index was developed in the United States in 1965 as a soil moisture algorithm based on precipitation, temperature, and local available soil water content, with values ranging from -6 to +6?

  1. A.Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)
  2. B.Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
  3. C.Crop Moisture Index (CMI)
  4. D.Satellite Vegetative Health Index (VHI)
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)

Sababa

The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) was the first index developed in the United States (1965) to evaluate long-term drought using soil water balance equations.

Gaaffii 6

Irrigated farms along the River Nile in Egypt may experience water shortages because of low rainfall in the Ethiopian Highlands. What form of drought does Egypt experience in this scenario?

  1. A.Local meteorological drought
  2. B.Hydrological drought
  3. C.Atmospheric drought
  4. D.Permanent aridity
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Hydrological drought

Sababa

A hydrological drought involves a reduction in stream flows, lakes, or aquifers. Egypt experiences hydrological drought when river discharge drops due to low rainfall in the upstream Ethiopian Highlands.

Gaaffii 7

Based on the predicted global climate impacts in Table 7.1, what major event is projected to occur with a 1.5 °C temperature rise?

  1. A.Complete melting of Greenland ice, causing a 7-meter sea-level rise
  2. B.Complete shutdown of the global thermohaline circulation
  3. C.A 50% loss of all coastal wetlands worldwide
  4. D.Extinction of all alpine plant and insect species
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Complete melting of Greenland ice, causing a 7-meter sea-level rise

Sababa

Table 7.1 shows that a 1.5 °C temperature rise will cause the complete melting of Greenland ice, resulting in an estimated 7-meter rise in sea levels.

Gaaffii 8

In the traditional natural resource management system of the Gumuz people, who is believed to be the supreme deity that created natural resources as a blessing?

  1. A.Missa
  2. B.Seera
  3. C.Yamba
  4. D.Dhadacha
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Yamba

Sababa

The Gumuz believe that vital natural resources are the gift and creation of Yamba (the supreme deity), while Missa are the poly-spirits guarding individual resources.

Gaaffii 9

According to the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) classification table in the textbook, what drought category corresponds to an SPI value between -1.5 and -1.99?

  1. A.Moderately dry
  2. B.Severely dry
  3. C.Extremely dry
  4. D.Near normal
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Severely dry

Sababa

Table 7.2 classifies an SPI measurement of -1.5 to -1.99 as Severely dry. Values of -2.0 and less are classified as Extremely dry.

Gaaffii 10

In East Africa, desertification severely threatens grazing lands. What percentage of Kenya's total land area is composed of these vulnerable marginal grazing lands?

  1. A.45%
  2. B.60%
  3. C.70%
  4. D.85%
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D 85%

Sababa

The textbook highlights that Kenya is threatened by desertification especially in its grazing marginal lands, which cover 85% of the country.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 7

Boqonnaan 7 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 187 hanga fuula 216 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 266

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Jiyoograafii kutaa 12 hunda

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