የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ11ኛ ክፍል ግብርና ምዕራፍ 13፦ የአየር ንብረት ለውጥ መላመድና መቀነስ

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 13 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 13 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
208–222
የምዕራፍ 13 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 13 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Definition of climate change and its variability
  2. 2.Climate change and its effects
  3. 3.Climate change mitigation strategies
  4. 4.An overview of climate change adaptation
  5. 5.Indigenous knowledge in climate change

የምዕራፍ 13 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

ባህሪየአየር ንብረት ለውጥየአየር ንብረት ተለዋዋጭነት
የጊዜ ልኬትየረጅም ጊዜ (አስርት ዓመታት)የአጭር ጊዜ (ቀናት፣ ሳምንታት፣ ወራት)
የEcosystem ተጽዕኖመሰረታዊ ለውጦችን ያስከትላልመሰረታዊ ለውጦችን አያስከትልም
ምክንያትየGreenhouse gas መከማቸትተፈጥሯዊ የአጭር ጊዜ መለዋወጦች

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የረጅም ጊዜ የአየር ሁኔታ ለውጦችን ከአጭር ጊዜ ተለዋዋጭነት ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የአየር ንብረት ተለዋዋጭነት የአጭር ጊዜ ሲሆን በስነ ምህዳሩ ላይ መሠረታዊ ለውጥ አያመጣም፤ የአየር ንብረት ለውጥ ግን ዘላቂ የስነ ምህዳር መዛባትን ያስከትላል።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 211-224 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የአየር ንብረት ምላሾችን ወደ ቅነሳ ወይም መላመድ ስልቶች ሲከፍሉ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ቅነሳ የሙቀት አማቂ ጋዞችን ልቀት በመቀነስ ወይም የካርቦን ማከማቻን በመጨመር መንስኤውን ይፈታል (ለምሳሌ ዛፍ መትከል፣ ታዳሽ ኃይል)፤ መላመድ ደግሞ አሰራርን በማስተካከል ተጽዕኖውን ይቋቋማል (ለምሳሌ የሰብል ዝርያን መቀየር፣ ሰብል ቅልቅል፣ እንሰት መትከል)።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 211-224 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

ማህበረሰብሀገር በቀል ልምድየአየር ንብረት ሚና
Gedeoባህላዊ agroforestry እና የተቀደሱ ደኖች ጥበቃበ biomass እና አፈር ውስጥ carbon በማጠራቀም የሚደረግ mitigation
Konsoባህላዊ stone terracingSoil conservation፣ water retention እና የተሻሻለ የአፈር carbon storage

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የኢትዮጵያ ባህላዊ የአፈርና ዛፍ ጥበቃ ልምዶችን እና ለአየር ንብረት ቅነሳ ያላቸውን ሚና ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ሁለቱም ልምዶች በእጽዋት እና በአፈር ውስጥ የካርቦን ማከማቸት አቅምን በማሳደግ የአየር ንብረት ቅነሳን ይደግፋሉ።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 211-224 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የአየር ንብረት ተስማሚ ግብርና (CSA) ዋና ዋና ዓላማዎችን ለመዘርዘር ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የተሟላ የCSA ስልት ሦስቱንም ዓላማዎች በአንድ ላይ ማሟላት አለበት፦ ምርታማነትን በዘላቂነት ማሳደግ፣ የመላመድ አቅምን ማጎልበት እና የሙቀት አማቂ ጋዞችን ልቀትን መቀነስ።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 211-224 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 13 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

What is the fundamental difference between climate change and climate variability?

  1. A.Climate change refers to long term changes over decades, while climate variability refers to short term variations over days, weeks, or months.
  2. B.Climate change is always natural, while climate variability is caused only by human activities.
  3. C.Climate change does not affect ecosystems, while climate variability causes permanent ecosystem destruction.
  4. D.Climate change lasts only for days, while climate variability lasts for centuries.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Climate change refers to long term changes over decades, while climate variability refers to short term variations over days, weeks, or months.

ምክንያቱ

Climate change is a long term change in temperatures and weather patterns over decades. Climate variability refers to short term variations (days, weeks, or months) that do not cause fundamental changes to ecosystems.

ጥያቄ 2

Which of the following groups contains the major greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere?

  1. A.Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide
  2. B.Oxygen, nitrogen, and argon
  3. C.Hydrogen, helium, and carbon monoxide
  4. D.Nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and chlorine
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide

ምክንያቱ

The major greenhouse gases responsible for trapping heat and causing global warming are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

ጥያቄ 3

Why is Ethiopian crop production particularly vulnerable to climate change?

  1. A.More than 90% of crop production in Ethiopia is rainfed.
  2. B.All croplands are located directly on ocean coasts.
  3. C.Ethiopian farmers rely entirely on computerized irrigation systems.
  4. D.The country only produces industrial crops that cannot grow in warm weather.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A More than 90% of crop production in Ethiopia is rainfed.

ምክንያቱ

More than 90% of crop production in Ethiopia is rainfed with very low production under irrigation, making agriculture highly vulnerable to changes in rainfall and temperature.

ጥያቄ 4

According to the textbook, what percentage of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere is absorbed by oceans?

  1. A.About 10%
  2. B.About 30%
  3. C.About 60%
  4. D.About 85%
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B About 30%

ምክንያቱ

Oceans absorb about 30% of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by human activities and natural processes.

ጥያቄ 5

How much carbon is stored in the soil compared to the total amount in the atmosphere?

  1. A.About half as much carbon as in the atmosphere
  2. B.The exact same amount of carbon as in the atmosphere
  3. C.About 2 times more carbon than in the atmosphere
  4. D.About 10 times less carbon than in the atmosphere
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C About 2 times more carbon than in the atmosphere

ምክንያቱ

Soils are a major carbon sink and store about 2 times more carbon compared to the total amount present in the atmosphere.

ጥያቄ 6

What chemical process leads to ocean acidification when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise?

  1. A.Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water to form carbonic acid.
  2. B.Carbon dioxide reacts with salt to produce hydrochloric acid.
  3. C.Carbon dioxide breaks down water into sulfuric acid and oxygen.
  4. D.Carbon dioxide removes all acidic compounds from marine sediments.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water to form carbonic acid.

ምክንያቱ

When carbon dioxide is dissolved in ocean water, it produces carbonic acid, which makes the oceans more acidic and harms marine organisms.

ጥያቄ 7

Which of the following actions is a climate change mitigation practice rather than an adaptation practice?

  1. A.Afforestation to plant new forests that act as carbon sinks
  2. B.Changing crop planting dates following the onset of rain
  3. C.Planting enset to have food when field crops fail
  4. D.Participating in off-farm trade to diversify income
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Afforestation to plant new forests that act as carbon sinks

ምክንያቱ

Mitigation refers to reducing or removing greenhouse gas emissions. Afforestation creates new forests that act as carbon sinks to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

ጥያቄ 8

The Konso community in south western Ethiopia is well known for which indigenous practice that aids in soil conservation and carbon storage?

  1. A.Building indigenous stone terraces
  2. B.Clearing all hillside vegetation
  3. C.Practicing unmanaged continuous grazing
  4. D.Flooding fields with deep irrigation channels
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Building indigenous stone terraces

ምክንያቱ

The Konso community uses indigenous stone terraces for soil conservation. These terraces collect water, prevent erosion, and enhance the soil carbon storage capacity.

ጥያቄ 9

Which community in southern Ethiopia has maintained a traditional agroforestry system for hundreds of years based on indigenous beliefs that natural resources connect the creator and man?

  1. A.Gedeo
  2. B.Afar
  3. C.Somali
  4. D.Gambella
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Gedeo

ምክንያቱ

The Gedeo community in southern Ethiopia has rich culture and indigenous knowledge protecting forests and sacred patches, which has maintained traditional agroforestry systems for centuries.

ጥያቄ 10

What are the three main aims of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)?

  1. A.Increase sustainable productivity, improve adaptation capacity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions
  2. B.Expand farmland into forests, increase chemical fertilizer use, and lower grain prices
  3. C.Eliminate livestock production, replace food crops with biofuels, and clear natural wetlands
  4. D.Rely entirely on rainfall, remove stone terraces, and stop crop rotation
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Increase sustainable productivity, improve adaptation capacity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions

ምክንያቱ

Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) has three central objectives: (1) increase sustainable productivity, (2) reduce vulnerability and improve adaptation capacity, and (3) reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 13 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 13 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 208 እስከ ገጽ 222 ይደርሳል።

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ሁሉም የ11ኛ ክፍል ግብርና አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

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