የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 15 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።
በ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
የአንድን ሰው የክብደት ምድብ ለመገምገም የ Body Mass Index ከክብደት እና ቁመት ለማስላት ይጠቀሙ።
ይጠንቀቁ
ቁመትን በስኩዌር ከማባዛትዎ በፊት ወደ ሜትር መቀየሩን ያረጋግጡ። ክብደትን በሴንቲሜትር በተገለጸ ቁመት ማካፈል የተሳሳተ ውጤት ይሰጣል።
ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 235-253 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
| የምግብ እጥረት ዓይነት | የመለኪያ አመልካች | የእጥረቱ ባህሪ |
|---|---|---|
| Stunting | Height-for-age | Chronic ወይም ተደጋጋሚ |
| Wasting | Weight-for-height | Acute ወይም የአጭር ጊዜ |
| Underweight | Weight-for-age | Acute እና chronic |
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
በሰውነት መለኪያ አመልካቾች ላይ በመመስረት የህጻናት የምግብ እጥረት ዓይነቶችን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙ።
ይጠንቀቁ
Stunting የቁመት እጥረትን ከእድሜ አንጻር የሚለካ ሲሆን፤ wasting ደግሞ የክብደት እጥረትን ከቁመት አንጻር ይለካል።
ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 235-253 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
| Macronutrient | የሚሰጠው የኃይል መጠን | የሚመከረው የቀን የካሎሪ ድርሻ |
|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | ||
| Lipids | ||
| Proteins |
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
በአንድ ግራም የሚመነጨውን የኃይል መጠን እና ለዋና ዋና macronutrients የሚመከረውን የቀን የካሎሪ ድርሻ ለማወዳደር ይጠቀሙ።
ይጠንቀቁ
Lipids በአንድ ግራም 9 kcal ይሰጣሉ፤ ይህም ካርቦሃይድሬት ወይም ፕሮቲን ከሚሰጡት 4 kcal ከአጥፍ በላይ ነው።
ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 235-253 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።
ጥያቄ 1
Which of the following nutrients is classified as a micronutrient?
መልስ፦ C Vitamins
ምክንያቱ
Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients because the body requires them in small quantities. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are macronutrients needed in large amounts.
ጥያቄ 2
How much energy is produced when one gram of dietary fat or oil is burned in the body?
መልስ፦ C 9 kilocalories
ምክንያቱ
A gram of fat or oil yields 9 kilocalories of energy, which makes lipids a concentrated source of fuel compared to carbohydrates and proteins (4 kilocalories per gram each).
ጥያቄ 3
Which pillar of food and nutrition security refers to the physical existence of sufficient quantities of food from home production or local markets?
መልስ፦ A Food availability
ምክንያቱ
Availability refers to having sufficient quantities of appropriate food physically existing, whether produced on the farm or bought at markets.
ጥያቄ 4
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that is not stored in the body and must be eaten regularly?
መልስ፦ B Vitamin C
ምክንያቱ
Vitamins B and C are water-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble vitamins that can be stored in the body.
ጥያቄ 5
Why are proteins from plant sources such as beans and grains described as incomplete proteins?
መልስ፦ B They do not contain all the 20 amino acids required by the body
ምክንያቱ
Plant proteins are considered incomplete because they do not contain all 20 amino acids needed by the human body, unlike complete proteins found in animal products.
ጥያቄ 6
Which of the following is categorized as a major mineral with a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) greater than 150 mg/day?
መልስ፦ C Calcium
ምክንያቱ
Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium are major minerals (RDA greater than 150 mg/day). Iron, zinc, selenium, and manganese are trace minerals.
ጥያቄ 7
In the standard classification of food groups, where do starchy roots such as cassava, sweet potato, and false banana (enset) belong?
መልስ፦ B Staples
ምክንያቱ
Staples include cereal grains (like teff, maize, barley, and sorghum) as well as starchy roots (such as false banana, sweet potato, and cassava) and starchy fruits like banana.
ጥያቄ 8
A child who is very thin for their height and has a weight-for-height below negative two standard deviations (<-2 SD) is suffering from which condition?
መልስ፦ B Wasting
ምክንያቱ
Wasting is an indicator of acute or short-term undernutrition where a child is too thin for their height (weight-for-height <-2 SD). Stunting refers to being short for one's age.
ጥያቄ 9
A farmer in Arsi has a body weight of 60 kg and a height of 2.0 meters. What is this farmer's Body Mass Index (BMI), and what is their weight status?
መልስ፦ A BMI = 15.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; thin or underweight
ምክንያቱ
BMI is calculated as weight divided by height squared: 60 / (2.0 x 2.0) = 60 / 4 = 15.0 kg/m2. A BMI below 18.5 is categorized as thin or underweight.
ጥያቄ 10
According to the classification of causes of malnutrition, which of the following is considered an underlying cause?
መልስ፦ C Water Access, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices
ምክንያቱ
WASH practices, household food insecurity, and poor care practices are underlying causes. Diseases and lack of food intake are immediate causes, while political and financial conditions are basic causes.
መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።
ምዕራፍ 15 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 232 እስከ ገጽ 250 ይደርሳል።
የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 270 ገጾች
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