የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ11ኛ ክፍል ግብርና ምዕራፍ 2፦ የማሳ ሰብሎች አመራረትና አያያዝ

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 2 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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4
ካርዶች
10
የምዕራፍ 2 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
19–35
የምዕራፍ 2 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 2 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Cereal crops production and management
  2. 2.Pulse crops production and management

የምዕራፍ 2 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ከምርት ስብሰባ በኋላ የበቆሎ እህል አያያዝንና ማከማቸትን የተመለከቱ ጥያቄዎችን ለመመለስ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

በ 25% እርጥበት የተሰበሰበ በቆሎ በቀጥታ መጋዘን መግባት የለበትም። ብልሽትን ለመከላከል እርጥበቱ ወደ 13% ወይም ከዚያ በታች መድረቅ አለበት።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 19-35 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የጥራጥሬ እህልመገኛየከፍታ ክልልብሔራዊ ምርታማነትየእርቀት ክፍተት
TeffEthiopia1500−2800 m1500 - 2800\text{ m}14.6 qt/ha14.6\text{ qt/ha}20 cm20\text{ cm}
MaizeCentral America500−2400 m500 - 2400\text{ m}32.5 qt/ha32.5\text{ qt/ha}75 cm×25 cm75\text{ cm} \times 25\text{ cm}
WheatAsia1800−3000 m1800 - 3000\text{ m}24.5 qt/ha24.5\text{ qt/ha}25 cm25\text{ cm}
BarleyMiddle East2200−3000 m2200 - 3000\text{ m}19.0 qt/ha19.0\text{ qt/ha}25 cm25\text{ cm}
SorghumAfrica500−1500 m500 - 1500\text{ m}23.0 qt/ha23.0\text{ qt/ha}50−100 cm×40 cm50 - 100\text{ cm} \times 40\text{ cm}

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የኢትዮጵያ ዋና ዋና የጥራጥሬ ሰብሎችን የግብርና ፍላጎቶች፣ መገኛ፣ የዘር ርቀት እና አማካይ ምርታማነት ለማነጻጸር ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

በቆሎ በሄክታር ከፍተኛውን ምርት ይሰጣል፤ ነገር ግን በኢትዮጵያ በስፋት በመሸፈን ጤፍ አንደኛ ደረጃን ይይዛል።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 19-35 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ለምግብ ሳይሆን ለቢራ ብቅል የሚውል የገብስ ማዳበሪያ መጠንን በሚወስኑበት ጊዜ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

ለምግብ ገብስ የሚውለውን መደበኛ 60 ኪ.ግ በሄክታር የናይትሮጅን መጠን አይጠቀሙ። ከፍተኛ ናይትሮጅን የብቅል ጥራትን ይቀንሳል።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 19-35 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ለጤፍ ብቻ የሚያስፈልጉ የመስክ ዝግጅትና የመዝራት ዘዴዎችን ለመግለጽ ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የጤፍ ዘር በጣም ጥቃቅን በመሆኑና አረምን በቶሎ መቋቋም ስለማይችል መሬቱ ከ 4 እስከ 5 ጊዜ መታረስ እና ትላልቅ አፈር ድንጋዮች በእንስሳት ተረግጠው መደቆስ አለባቸው።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 19-35 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 2 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

Which cereal crop ranks first in terms of the total area of production in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Maize
  2. B.Teff
  3. C.Wheat
  4. D.Sorghum
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Teff

ምክንያቱ

According to the textbook, teff ranks first in terms of the area of production in Ethiopia, while maize ranks second.

ጥያቄ 2

Why is sorghum commonly referred to as ‘the camel crop’?

  1. A.It can remain dormant during dry periods and resume growth when moisture is available
  2. B.It is grown exclusively to feed working camels in arid lowlands
  3. C.It can only be transported to market on the backs of camels
  4. D.It requires more water per season than any other cereal crop
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A It can remain dormant during dry periods and resume growth when moisture is available

ምክንያቱ

Sorghum is called 'the camel crop' because it has the capacity to stay dormant during dry periods and start growing again as soon as there is sufficient soil moisture.

ጥያቄ 3

What is the botanical difference between cereal crops and pulse crops during seedling emergence?

  1. A.Cereals are monocots producing a single leaf, while pulses are dicots with two cotyledons
  2. B.Cereals are dicots with two leaves, while pulses are monocots with one leaf
  3. C.Cereals produce underground pods, while pulses produce grass-like tillers
  4. D.Cereals fix nitrogen in root nodules, while pulses absorb nitrogen only from rain
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Cereals are monocots producing a single leaf, while pulses are dicots with two cotyledons

ምክንያቱ

Cereal crops are monocots whose seeds have a single cotyledon (producing a single leaf at emergence), whereas pulse crops are dicots containing two cotyledons.

ጥያቄ 4

Which of the following pulse crops is specifically identified as an important export crop in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Field pea
  2. B.Faba bean
  3. C.Haricot bean
  4. D.Barley
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Haricot bean

ምክንያቱ

The textbook explicitly highlights haricot bean (common bean) as an important export crop in Ethiopia.

ጥያቄ 5

Why does teff require 4 to 5 cultivations and a very smooth seedbed compared to other cereal crops?

  1. A.Teff has deep taproots that need loose subsoil
  2. B.Teff has a much smaller grain size than most cereals
  3. C.Teff seeds must be sown at a depth of over 10 cm
  4. D.Teff plants are immune to weeds in cloddy soil
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Teff has a much smaller grain size than most cereals

ምክንያቱ

Because teff grains are very small, the soil must be cultivated 4 to 5 times and leveled without large clods so the tiny seeds make good contact with the soil.

ጥያቄ 6

What visual indicator shows that a maize plant is fully mature and ready for harvest?

  1. A.The husks turn bright green
  2. B.The seeds develop a black layer at the bottom tip
  3. C.The leaves fall off and the stem turns purple
  4. D.The grain moisture rises above 40 percent
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B The seeds develop a black layer at the bottom tip

ምክንያቱ

Maize is ready for harvest when the grains form a distinct black layer at the bottom tip.

ጥያቄ 7

Why must the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer be reduced when producing barley for malting?

  1. A.High nitrogen levels attract army worms to the field
  2. B.High nitrogen levels reduce the quality of the malt
  3. C.High nitrogen stops the germination of barley seeds entirely
  4. D.High nitrogen turns the barley grains completely black
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B High nitrogen levels reduce the quality of the malt

ምክንያቱ

For barley used in malting, the nitrogen rate must be lowered because high nitrogen application decreases malt quality.

ጥያቄ 8

Which parasitic weed is known to cause massive yield losses in sorghum fields in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Striga
  2. B.Atrazine
  3. C.Smut
  4. D.Aphid
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Striga

ምክንያቱ

Striga is a parasitic weed that severely affects sorghum production and causes huge yield losses unless managed with hand weeding, crop rotation, and resistant varieties.

ጥያቄ 9

According to the textbook, what is the average national yield of maize in Ethiopia?

  1. A.14.6 quintals (1.46 t) per hectare
  2. B.19.0 quintals (1.90 t) per hectare
  3. C.24.5 quintals (2.45 t) per hectare
  4. D.32.5 quintals (3.25 t) per hectare
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ D 32.5 quintals (3.25 t) per hectare

ምክንያቱ

The textbook states that the average national yield of maize is 32.5 quintals (3.25 tonnes) per hectare, which is the highest per-unit yield among Ethiopian cereals.

ጥያቄ 10

Which pair of crops both grow suitably at an altitude range of 1800 to 3000 meters above sea level in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Wheat and faba bean
  2. B.Sorghum and maize
  3. C.Haricot bean and sorghum
  4. D.Maize and haricot bean
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Wheat and faba bean

ምክንያቱ

Both wheat and faba bean grow best at highland altitudes ranging between 1800 and 3000 meters above sea level.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 2 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 2 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 19 እስከ ገጽ 35 ይደርሳል።

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ሁሉም የ11ኛ ክፍል ግብርና አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

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