የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ11ኛ ክፍል ግብርና ምዕራፍ 3፦ የኢንዱስትሪ ሰብሎች አመራረትና አያያዝ

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 3 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
36–46
የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Oil crops production and management
  2. 2.Fiber crops production and management
  3. 3.Sugar crops production and management

የምዕራፍ 3 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ11ኛ ክፍል የግብርና ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በሰሊጥ፣ በኑግ እና በጥጥ ሰብሎች ላይ የምርት መጥፋት ወይም የጥራት መጓደል ምክንያቶችን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ሰሊጥ እና ኑግን ዘግይቶ መሰብሰብ ፍሬው እንዲረግፍ ያደርጋል፤ ኑግን ያለጊዜው መሰብሰብ ደግሞ የዘሩን ቅርጽ ያበላሻል። በኑግ ማሳ ውስጥ ያሉ ጥገኛ አረሞች (dodder እና orobanche) ዘር ከማፍራታቸው በፊት ተነቅለው መቃጠል አለባቸው።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 36-46 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

CropTypeAltitude or ClimateHarvest Indicator
ሰሊጥ (Sesame)የቅባት ሰብል (Oil crop)እስከ 1200 m1200\text{ m}፣ ሞቃታማ (25–27 ∘C25\text{--}27\,^{\circ}\text{C})አንድ ሦስተኛው ቅጠሎች፣ ግንዶች እና ፖዶች (pods) ወደ ቢጫነት ሲቀየሩ
ኑግ (Noug)የቅባት ሰብል (Oil crop)ከ 1800 m1800\text{ m} እስከ 2000 m2000\text{ m}፣ የሸክላ አፈር (clay soils)ቅጠሎች ከአረንጓዴ ወደ ቡናማ እና ቢጫ ሲቀየሩ
ጥጥ (Cotton)የቃጫ ሰብል (Fiber crop)ሞቃታማ አየር ንብረት፣ ድርቅን የሚቋቋም (drought-tolerant)ቢያንስ 50%50\% የሚሆኑት ቦሎች (bolls) ፈንድተው ሲከፈቱ
ሲሳል (Sisal)የቃጫ ሰብል (Fiber crop)ከባህር ጠለል እስከ 1800 m1800\text{ m}ቅጠሎች 1.2 m1.2\text{ m} ርዝመት እና 15 cm15\text{ cm} ስፋት ሲደርሱ
ሸንኮራ አገዳ (Sugar cane)የስኳር ሰብል (Sugar crop)ረጅም ሞቃታማ ወቅት፣ ለም አፈርከተተከለበት ጊዜ ጀምሮ ከ 1414 እስከ 18 months18\text{ months} በኋላ

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የሚመረቱ የኢንዱስትሪ ሰብሎችን ምደባ፣ የአየር ንብረት ተስማሚነት እና የመሰብሰቢያ ምልክቶችን ለማነጻጸር ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ኑግ በደጋማ የሸክላ አፈር ላይ የውሃ መተኛትን ይቋቋማል፤ ሰሊጥ ግን ለከፍተኛ እርጥበት ተጋላጭ ስለሆነ በቆላማ አሸዋማ ሎም አፈር ላይ ብቻ ይመረታል።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 36-46 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

Product or PracticeOrigin / PartPrimary Industrial Use
Molassesከሸንኮራ አገዳ ጭማቂ የሚገኝ ጥቁር ፈሳሽ ቅሪትየEthanol ምርት
Bagasseጭማቂ ከተወጣ በኋላ የሚቀር የቃጫ ግንድ ቅሪትወረቀት፣ plastics እና ነዳጅ
Green topsየሸንኮራ አገዳ ቅጠሎች እና አረንጓዴ ክፍሎችቀጥተኛ የእንስሳት መኖ
Ratoon cropከተሰበሰበው የስር መሰረት እንደገና ማቆጥቆጥየሸንኮራ አገዳ ምርት ከ22 እስከ 33 ዑደቶች

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የስኳር ሸንኮራ ማቀነባበሪያ ተረፈ ምርቶችን ጥቅሞች እና የራቱን ሰብል አያያዝን ለመግለጽ ይጠቀሙ።

ይጠንቀቁ

የራቱን ሰብል ከመጀመሪያው ተክል (14 እስከ 18 ወራት) ይልቅ በ12 ወራት ውስጥ ይደርሳል፤ ሆኖም ምርታማነቱ አነስተኛ በመሆኑ ከ2 እስከ 3 ጊዜ ብቻ ይሰበሰባል።

ከGrade 11 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 36-46 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 3 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

Which oil crop originated in Ethiopia and accounts for about half of all food oil production in the country?

  1. A.Noug
  2. B.Sesame
  3. C.Cotton
  4. D.Sunflower
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Noug

ምክንያቱ

Noug (Guizotia abyssinica L.) originated in Ethiopia, and Ethiopia is its largest producer. It accounts for about half of the food oil produced in the country.

ጥያቄ 2

What is the process of separating seeds and plant debris from cotton fiber called?

  1. A.Spinning
  2. B.Ginning
  3. C.Decortication
  4. D.Weaving
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Ginning

ምክንያቱ

Ginning is the first processing step after harvest where seeds and plant debris are separated from the raw cotton fiber.

ጥያቄ 3

From which part of the sisal plant is commercial fiber obtained?

  1. A.Stem
  2. B.Seed boll
  3. C.Leaf
  4. D.Flower stalk
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Leaf

ምክንያቱ

Sisal fiber is a hard fiber derived directly from the leaf of the sisal plant.

ጥያቄ 4

Which dark liquid by-product of sugar cane processing is used in the production of ethanol?

  1. A.Bagasse
  2. B.Molasses
  3. C.Lint
  4. D.Bulbil
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Molasses

ምክንያቱ

Molasses is the dark liquid produced from sugar cane juice during processing, and it is used to produce ethanol.

ጥያቄ 5

Why is high rainfall during the flowering stage harmful to sesame yield?

  1. A.It causes the flowers to drop off the plant.
  2. B.It causes the seedbed to turn into hard clods.
  3. C.It causes the fibers to discolor.
  4. D.It prevents the ratoon crop from regenerating.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A It causes the flowers to drop off the plant.

ምክንያቱ

Sesame is sensitive to excess water. High rainfall during flowering causes the flowers to drop off, which reduces seed formation and overall yield.

ጥያቄ 6

Which two parasitic weeds attack noug crops and must be uprooted and burned before producing seeds?

  1. A.Striga and wild oat
  2. B.Dodder and orobanche
  3. C.Bermuda grass and nutgrass
  4. D.Crabgrass and sedge
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Dodder and orobanche

ምክንያቱ

Noug can be severely affected by parasitic weeds like dodder and orobanche. They must be removed and burned before they set seed to prevent widespread yield loss.

ጥያቄ 7

A cotton farmer in the Awash Valley is checking the field for maturity. Cotton is ready for harvest when:

  1. A.one third of the leaves turn yellow.
  2. B.all of the flower petals drop to the ground.
  3. C.at least half of the plants have their bolls burst open.
  4. D.seedlings reach a height of 40 cm in the nursery.
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C at least half of the plants have their bolls burst open.

ምክንያቱ

Cotton is ready for harvest (picking) when at least half of the plants have their bolls burst open, usually after 6 to 7 months of growth.

ጥያቄ 8

How is sisal propagated vegetatively before being transplanted into the main field?

  1. A.Using acid-treated seeds sown at 8 cm depth
  2. B.Using suckers or bulbils grown in a nursery
  3. C.Using cane cuttings directly drilled into rows
  4. D.Broadcasting true seeds in June or July
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Using suckers or bulbils grown in a nursery

ምክንያቱ

Sisal is propagated vegetatively through suckers growing around the plant base or bulbils from the flower stalk, which are raised in a nursery until they are about 40 cm high.

ጥያቄ 9

What is the regenerated crop of sugar cane called after the first harvest, and how many times can it be harvested?

  1. A.Bulbil crop, harvested 4 to 5 times
  2. B.Lint crop, harvested once every 6 months
  3. C.Ratoon crop, harvested 2 to 3 times
  4. D.Decorticated crop, harvested indefinitely
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Ratoon crop, harvested 2 to 3 times

ምክንያቱ

After the first harvest (at 14 to 18 months), sugar cane regenerates from the roots to produce a ratoon crop (ready in about 12 months). Ratoon harvests are limited to 2 or 3 times.

ጥያቄ 10

What are the recommended planting spacing and sowing depth for cotton?

  1. A.1 m between rows, 30 cm between plants, and 8 cm depth
  2. B.50 cm between rows, 10 cm between plants, and 2 cm depth
  3. C.2.5 m between rows, 80 cm between plants, and 40 cm depth
  4. D.25 cm between rows, continuous drilling, and 12 cm depth
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A 1 m between rows, 30 cm between plants, and 8 cm depth

ምክንያቱ

Cotton is planted in rows with 1 m spacing between rows, 30 cm spacing between plants, and a sowing depth of about 8 cm using acid-treated seeds.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 3 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 3 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 36 እስከ ገጽ 46 ይደርሳል።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 270 ገጾች

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