Unit notes and practice questions
Everything here is for unit 3 of the Grade 11 Agriculture textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.
The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 11 Agriculture page. Open one at a time.
When you use it
Use when identifying causes of yield loss or seed quality degradation in sesame, noug, and cotton.
Watch out
Harvesting sesame or noug late causes shattering and seed loss, while harvesting noug early causes deformed seeds. Parasitic weeds (dodder and orobanche) in noug must be uprooted and burned before flowering.
Drafted from Grade 11 Agriculture, pages 36-46, then checked twice before it went up
| Crop | Type | Altitude or Climate | Harvest Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sesame | Oil crop | Up to , warm () | One third of leaves, stems, and pods turn yellow |
| Noug | Oil crop | to , clay soils | Leaves turn from green to brown and yellow |
| Cotton | Fiber crop | Warm climate, drought-tolerant | At least of bolls burst open |
| Sisal | Fiber crop | Sea level up to | Leaves reach height and width |
| Sugar cane | Sugar crop | Long warm season, fertile soils | to after initial planting |
When you use it
Use when comparing classifications, environmental adaptations, and harvest signs across Ethiopian industrial crops.
Watch out
Noug tolerates waterlogging on highland clays, whereas sesame is highly sensitive to excess water and requires well drained lowland sandy loam.
Drafted from Grade 11 Agriculture, pages 36-46, then checked twice before it went up
| Product or Practice | Origin / Part | Primary Industrial Use |
|---|---|---|
| Molasses | Dark liquid residue from cane juice | Ethanol production |
| Bagasse | Fibrous stem residue after juice extraction | Paper, plastics, and fuel |
| Green tops | Sugarcane foliage and leaves | Direct animal feed |
| Ratoon crop | Regrowth from harvested root base | Sugarcane harvest for to cycles |
When you use it
Use when listing the industrial applications of sugarcane by-products or explaining ratoon management.
Watch out
Ratoon crops mature faster at around 12 months compared to 14 to 18 months for the first crop, but ratoon harvests yield less and are limited to 2 or 3 cycles.
Drafted from Grade 11 Agriculture, pages 36-46, then checked twice before it went up
10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.
Question 1
Which oil crop originated in Ethiopia and accounts for about half of all food oil production in the country?
Answer: A Noug
Why
Noug (Guizotia abyssinica L.) originated in Ethiopia, and Ethiopia is its largest producer. It accounts for about half of the food oil produced in the country.
Question 2
What is the process of separating seeds and plant debris from cotton fiber called?
Answer: B Ginning
Why
Ginning is the first processing step after harvest where seeds and plant debris are separated from the raw cotton fiber.
Question 3
From which part of the sisal plant is commercial fiber obtained?
Answer: C Leaf
Why
Sisal fiber is a hard fiber derived directly from the leaf of the sisal plant.
Question 4
Which dark liquid by-product of sugar cane processing is used in the production of ethanol?
Answer: B Molasses
Why
Molasses is the dark liquid produced from sugar cane juice during processing, and it is used to produce ethanol.
Question 5
Why is high rainfall during the flowering stage harmful to sesame yield?
Answer: A It causes the flowers to drop off the plant.
Why
Sesame is sensitive to excess water. High rainfall during flowering causes the flowers to drop off, which reduces seed formation and overall yield.
Question 6
Which two parasitic weeds attack noug crops and must be uprooted and burned before producing seeds?
Answer: B Dodder and orobanche
Why
Noug can be severely affected by parasitic weeds like dodder and orobanche. They must be removed and burned before they set seed to prevent widespread yield loss.
Question 7
A cotton farmer in the Awash Valley is checking the field for maturity. Cotton is ready for harvest when:
Answer: C at least half of the plants have their bolls burst open.
Why
Cotton is ready for harvest (picking) when at least half of the plants have their bolls burst open, usually after 6 to 7 months of growth.
Question 8
How is sisal propagated vegetatively before being transplanted into the main field?
Answer: B Using suckers or bulbils grown in a nursery
Why
Sisal is propagated vegetatively through suckers growing around the plant base or bulbils from the flower stalk, which are raised in a nursery until they are about 40 cm high.
Question 9
What is the regenerated crop of sugar cane called after the first harvest, and how many times can it be harvested?
Answer: C Ratoon crop, harvested 2 to 3 times
Why
After the first harvest (at 14 to 18 months), sugar cane regenerates from the roots to produce a ratoon crop (ready in about 12 months). Ratoon harvests are limited to 2 or 3 times.
Question 10
What are the recommended planting spacing and sowing depth for cotton?
Answer: A 1 m between rows, 30 cm between plants, and 8 cm depth
Why
Cotton is planted in rows with 1 m spacing between rows, 30 cm spacing between plants, and a sowing depth of about 8 cm using acid-treated seeds.
The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.
Unit 3 runs from page 36 to page 46 of the Ministry of Education edition.
Ministry of Education edition, English, 270 pages
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