የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ12ኛ ክፍል እንግሊዝኛ ምዕራፍ 1፦ ዘላቂ ልማት

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ12ኛ ክፍል የእንግሊዝኛ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 1 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 1 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
1–23
የምዕራፍ 1 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

የምዕራፍ 1 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ12ኛ ክፍል የእንግሊዝኛ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

አያያዥየሚከተለው ቅርጽምሳሌ
although / even thoughSubject + Verb (Clause)Although it rained, we went out.
despite / in spite ofNoun / Gerund (-ing) / PronounDespite the rain, we went out.
despite the fact that / in spite of the fact thatSubject + Verb (Clause)Despite the fact that it rained, we went out.

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በሁለት ሀሳቦች ወይም ዐረፍተ ነገሮች መካከል ያለን ተቃርኖ ለማሳየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

'despite of' ብለው በፍጹም አይጻፉ። 'despite' ከስም ጋር በቀጥታ ይገባል፤ አለዚያ 'in spite of' ይጠቀሙ።

ከGrade 12 English፣ ገጽ 1-23 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የመሰረቱ የመጨረሻ ድምፅየቅጥያው ድምፅምሳሌዎች
/t/ ወይም /d//-id/wanted, decided, needed
Voiceless: /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /sh/, /ch/, /th//-t/watched, finished, stopped, laughed
Voiced: /b/, /v/, /g/, /z/, /j/, /th/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /r/, vowels/-d/planned, called, loved, agreed

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የመደበኛ ግሶች የኃላፊ ጊዜ ቅጥያ -ed በ/-t/፣ በ/-d/ ወይም በ/-id/ መነበቡን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

የግሱ መነሻ በ/t/ ወይም በ/d/ ድምፅ ካልተጠናቀቀ በስተቀር -edን እንደ /-id/ አያነቡት።

ከGrade 12 English፣ ገጽ 1-23 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የቁራጭ ዓይነትችግሩየማረሚያ መንገድ
Missing SubjectPredicate verb ምንም subject የለውምተስማሚ የሆነ subject ወይም pronoun ማከል/መጨመር።
Missing VerbSubject ምንም main verb የለውምMain verb ማከል/መጨመር።
Dependent Clause AloneSubordinate clause እንደ ሙሉ አረፍተ ነገር ሥርዓተ ነጥብ ተሰጥቶታልከ main clause ጋር ማያያዝ ወይም subordinator ማስወገድ።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ያልተሟሉ ዐረፍተ ነገሮችን ለይቶ ወደ ሙሉ ዐረፍተ ነገር ለመቀየር ይጠቀሙበት።

ይጠንቀቁ

እንደ 'even though'፣ 'after' ወይም 'because' ባሉ ቃላት የሚጀምር ጥገኛ ሐረግ ብቻውን እንደ ሙሉ ዐረፍተ ነገር መቆም አይችልም።

ከGrade 12 English፣ ገጽ 1-23 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 1 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

According to the grammar notes in Unit 1, which of the following words must be followed by a subject and a verb when linking contrasting ideas?

  1. A.Despite
  2. B.In spite of
  3. C.Although
  4. D.Regardless of
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Although

ምክንያቱ

The textbook explains that although and even though are followed by a subject and a verb. In contrast, despite and in spite of are followed by a noun, gerund, or pronoun.

ጥያቄ 2

According to the pronunciation rules for regular past tense verbs, when is the suffix -(e)d pronounced as /id/?

  1. A.When the base verb ends in a /t/ or /d/ sound
  2. B.When the base verb ends in a voiceless consonant
  3. C.When the base verb ends in a vowel sound
  4. D.When the base verb ends in /p/, /k/, or /s/
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A When the base verb ends in a /t/ or /d/ sound

ምክንያቱ

The textbook notes that if the verb base ends in a /t/ or /d/ sound, the ending -(e)d sounds like /id/ (for example, in wanted or needed).

ጥያቄ 3

Based on the vocabulary section in Unit 1, what is the meaning of the word synergy?

  1. A.Protection and careful management of the environment
  2. B.Combined or cooperative action or force
  3. C.Broader in content and scope
  4. D.Putting an issue as a central part of a plan
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Combined or cooperative action or force

ምክንያቱ

In Activity 1.8, synergy is defined as combined or cooperative action or force.

ጥያቄ 4

According to the writing skills section, what are the three major parts of a well-structured paragraph?

  1. A.Introduction, body, and summary
  2. B.Topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence
  3. C.Thesis statement, transitions, and conclusion
  4. D.Main clause, dependent clause, and punctuation
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence

ምክንያቱ

The textbook explicitly lists the three major parts of a paragraph as: topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence.

ጥያቄ 5

According to the pronunciation guide, for which group of word-ending sounds is the affix -s pronounced as /-iz/?

  1. A./p/, /k/, /t/, /f/, /θ/
  2. B./b/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/
  3. C./s/, /t∫/, /dʒ/, /z/, /∫/, /ʒ/
  4. D./v/, /n/, /ŋ/, /r/, /ð/
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C /s/, /t∫/, /dʒ/, /z/, /∫/, /ʒ/

ምክንያቱ

The pronunciation tips state that if words end in /s/, /t∫/, /dʒ/, /z/, /∫/, or /ʒ/ sounds, the suffix -s is pronounced as /-iz/ (as in buses, watches, or boxes).

ጥያቄ 6

In Reading Text B, what are the three essential pillars of sustainable development that must receive equal emphasis?

  1. A.Trade, foreign aid, and industrial investment
  2. B.Economic, environment, and social aspects
  3. C.Constitutional laws, directives, and court regulations
  4. D.Primary education, healthcare, and road building
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Economic, environment, and social aspects

ምክንያቱ

Reading Text B states that sustainable development can only be realized when the three pillars of development, namely economic, environment, and social aspects, are given equal emphasis.

ጥያቄ 7

According to the grammar explanation in Unit 1, what defines a sentence fragment?

  1. A.A sentence that connects two complete thoughts without any conjunction
  2. B.A group of words that lacks a subject, a verb, or a complete thought
  3. C.A sentence that expresses contrasting ideas using subordinators
  4. D.A long sentence containing multiple independent clauses
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B A group of words that lacks a subject, a verb, or a complete thought

ምክንያቱ

The textbook states that a sentence fragment is a group of words that resembles a sentence but does not give complete meaning because it lacks a subject, a verb, or a complete thought.

ጥያቄ 8

In the vocabulary exercises of Unit 1, what is the contextual definition given for the word mainstream?

  1. A.Putting an issue center/part in the plan
  2. B.Holding steadily to established principles
  3. C.Putting responsibilities under a dishonorable position
  4. D.Holding a process back from progressing
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Putting an issue center/part in the plan

ምክንያቱ

Activity 1.8 matches the word mainstream with the definition: putting an issue center/part in the plan.

ጥያቄ 9

According to Reading Text B (Challenges of SDGs in Ethiopia), how long is the lifespan of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, and when does this agenda terminate?

  1. A.A lifespan of 10 years, terminating in 2025
  2. B.A lifespan of 15 years, terminating in 2030
  3. C.A lifespan of 20 years, terminating in 2035
  4. D.A lifespan of 25 years, terminating in 2040
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B A lifespan of 15 years, terminating in 2030

ምክንያቱ

Paragraph 1 of Reading Text B states: "This ambitious and transformative agenda has a lifespan of fifteen years, terminating in 2030."

ጥያቄ 10

Read the sentence below:
"_____ having a headache, I had a great birthday."
Which word correctly fills the blank according to the grammar rules in Unit 1?

  1. A.Although
  2. B.Even though
  3. C.Despite
  4. D.In spite
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C Despite

ምክንያቱ

The unit notes that despite is followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund (-ing form like having). Although and even though require a subject and a verb, and in spite requires of.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 1 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ምዕራፍ 1 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 1 እስከ ገጽ 23 ይደርሳል።

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