Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 3 Baayoloojii kutaa 10: Molakiyuulota Baayookemikaalaa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 3 kitaaba Baayoloojii kutaa 10 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

Google Play irraa buufadhaa
5
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 3
50–80
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 3

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 3

Kaardiiwwan fuula Baayoloojii kutaa 10 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Soorata QoratamuQormaata ykn Rii'eejantiiFirii Poosatiivii
Reducing sugarsBenedict's reagent + ho'aPrecipitate diimaa birikii
StarchIodine solutionHalluu cuquliisa-gurraacha
ProteinsBiuret reagentHalluu mauve yookiin purple
Aromatic amino acidsXanthoproteic test (concentrated HNO3\text{HNO}_3 + NaOH\text{NaOH})Halluu keelloo gara burtukaanaatti

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Adeemsa laaboraatorii fi jijjiirama halluu maakiroomoleekiyuloota baayoloojiitiif fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Qormaatni Benedict halluu diimaa-bilaakeetii fiduuf bishaan hoo'aa keessatti hoo'isuu barbaada, garuu qormaatni Aayodiinii fi Biuret hoo'a kutaa keessatti raawwatamu.

Grade 10 Biology, fuula 50-80 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

DaayisaakaraayidiiQabiyyee MonomariiMadda Guddaa ykn Gahee
MaltoseGlucose+Glucose\text{Glucose} + \text{Glucose}Sukkaara malt, bu'aa digestion starch
LactoseGlucose+Galactose\text{Glucose} + \text{Galactose}Sukkaara aannanii (milk sugar)
SucroseGlucose+Fructose\text{Glucose} + \text{Fructose}Biqiltoota keessatti transport sugar, table sugar

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Makaa heksoosii daayisaakaraayidoota beekamoo uuman yaadachuuf fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Daayisaakaraayidoonni sadanuu gulukoosii qabu. Monomariin lammaffaan garuu adda: maaltoosii keessatti gulukoosii, laaktoosii keessatti galaaktoosii, sukroosii keessatti firaaktoosiidha.

Grade 10 Biology, fuula 50-80 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

AmalaDNARNA
Pentose sugarDeoxyriboseRibose
Nitrogenous basesA, T, C, GA, U, C, G
Baay'ina strandsDouble-strandedSingle-stranded
Stability (Tasgabbii)Baay'ee stable kan ta'eGadi aanaa stable kan ta'e

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Garaagarummaa caasaa fi hojii asiidota niwukilayikii lamaan gidduu jiru adda baasuuf fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Taayimiiniin DNA keessatti qofa argama, Yuuraasiiliin immoo RNA keessatti qofa argama. Di'oksiraayiboosiin raayiboosii irraa oksijiinii tokkoon xiqqaata.

Grade 10 Biology, fuula 50-80 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

BaayoomoleekiyuliiElementoota IjaaranMonomarii
ProteinsC, H, O, NAmino acids
LipidsC, H, OGlycerol, fatty acids
CarbohydratesC, H, OMonosaccharides
Nucleic acidsC, H, O, N, PNucleotides

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Elementoota ijaaranii fi unkaalee bu'uuraa maakiroomoleekiyuloota orgaanikii adda baasuuf fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Liipidootni gilisaroolii fi faatii asiidii irraa ijaaramus akka poolimaroota sirriitti sanyiin monomarii walitti hin fufani.

Grade 10 Biology, fuula 50-80 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Bu'aa qormaata Benedict saamuda kaarboohayidireetii adda addaatiif yeroo tilmaamtu fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Sukroosiin daayisaakaraayidii ridiyuusii hin taane waan ta'eef, akka gulukoosii, maaltoosii fi laaktoosii osoo hin taane kallattiin firii qormaata Benedict negaatiivii (cuquliisa) kenna.

Grade 10 Biology, fuula 50-80 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 3

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

According to the textbook, what percentage of a cell's mass is made up of water?

  1. A.70 to 95 percent
  2. B.20 to 35 percent
  3. C.40 to 50 percent
  4. D.10 to 15 percent
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A 70 to 95 percent

Sababa

Water is the main component of cells, accounting for 70 to 95 percent of a cell's total mass.

Gaaffii 2

Which four chemical elements are found in all protein molecules?

  1. A.Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
  2. B.Carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur
  3. C.Carbon, oxygen, calcium, and sodium
  4. D.Carbon, nitrogen, potassium, and chlorine
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Sababa

Proteins are polymers of amino acids and are always composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (C, H, O, and N).

Gaaffii 3

What is the fixed ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in carbohydrates?

  1. A.2:1
  2. B.1:1
  3. C.1:2
  4. D.3:1
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A 2:1

Sababa

In carbohydrates, the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms is always 2:1, just like in water.

Gaaffii 4

Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA molecules but absent in DNA?

  1. A.Uracil
  2. B.Thymine
  3. C.Adenine
  4. D.Cytosine
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Uracil

Sababa

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.

Gaaffii 5

Which inorganic ion is needed in the human stomach to produce hydrochloric acid (HCl) and also activates salivary amylase?

  1. A.Chloride ion
  2. B.Potassium ion
  3. C.Calcium ion
  4. D.Phosphate ion
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Chloride ion

Sababa

Chloride ions are needed to make hydrochloric acid (HCl) in gastric juice and are also responsible for activating the starch-digesting enzyme salivary amylase.

Gaaffii 6

Which rare medical condition is caused by abnormal copper deposition in the liver and brain, leading to liver cirrhosis and brain damage?

  1. A.Wilson disease
  2. B.Hemochromatosis
  3. C.Hemosiderosis
  4. D.Goiter
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Wilson disease

Sababa

Wilson disease is caused by abnormal copper metabolism, leading to copper deposits in the liver, brain, and kidneys.

Gaaffii 7

Which common disaccharide is formed by chemically joining one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose?

  1. A.Sucrose
  2. B.Maltose
  3. C.Lactose
  4. D.Galactose
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Sucrose

Sababa

Sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose. Maltose is glucose + glucose, and lactose is glucose + galactose.

Gaaffii 8

Why do unsaturated fatty acids typically remain liquid oils at room temperature?

  1. A.They contain one or more double bonds in their carbon chains.
  2. B.They contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms.
  3. C.They contain only single carbon-to-carbon bonds.
  4. D.They have three polar phosphate heads attached.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A They contain one or more double bonds in their carbon chains.

Sababa

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds (C=C), which make the fatty acids melt more easily, keeping them liquid at room temperature.

Gaaffii 9

Which of the following is a tough, water-insoluble fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, and the outer layers of skin?

  1. A.Keratin
  2. B.Haemoglobin
  3. C.Myoglobin
  4. D.Ovalbumin
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Keratin

Sababa

Keratin is an insoluble fibrous structural protein that forms hair, nails, and the outer waterproof layers of the skin.

Gaaffii 10

A student in Addis Ababa tests a sugar solution using Benedict's reagent. What chemical reaction produces the positive brick-red result?

  1. A.Reducing sugar converts soluble blue copper (II) to insoluble brick-red copper (I) oxide.
  2. B.Non-reducing sugar oxidizes copper (I) into soluble blue copper (II) ions.
  3. C.Iodine combines with peptide bonds in an alkaline solution to form a red complex.
  4. D.Nitric acid reacts with aromatic amino acids to produce a red precipitate.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Reducing sugar converts soluble blue copper (II) to insoluble brick-red copper (I) oxide.

Sababa

During the Benedict's test, reducing sugars reduce soluble blue copper (II) ions into an insoluble brick-red precipitate of copper (I) oxide.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 3

Boqonnaan 3 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 50 hanga fuula 80 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 177

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Baayoloojii kutaa 10 hunda

Boqonnaa kana appii keessatti shaakali

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