Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa
Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 4 kitaaba Baayoloojii kutaa 10 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.
Kaardiiwwan fuula Baayoloojii kutaa 10 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Sadarkaa Anaphase I fi Anaphase II keessatti maaltu akka addaan bahu adda baasuuf itti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Anaphase I keessatti homologous chromosomes qofatu addaan baha, sister chromatids garuu centromere irratti walitti hidhamanii hafu. Sister chromatids kan addaan bahan Anaphase II keessatti qofa.
Grade 10 Biology, fuula 81-93 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Amala | Mitosis | Meiosis |
|---|---|---|
| Bakka qoodamaa | Seelota somatic (qaamaa) | Qaamolee wal-hormaataa (testes, ovaries) |
| Baay'ina qoodamaa | Qoodama nuclear 1 | Qoodama nuclear 2 |
| Daughter cells uumaman | Seelota genetically walfakkaatan 2 | Gametes genetically garaagara ta'an 4 |
| Lakkoofsa chromosome | (Diploid) | (Haploid) |
| Hojii ijoo | Guddina, suphaa tissue, bakka buusuu | Gametogenesis (oomisha gamete) |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gosa qoodinsa niwukilasii lamaan fi faayidaa isaanii walbira qabuuf itti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Mitosis lakkoofsa kiroomozoomii () osoo hin jijjiirin yommuu eegu, Meiosis garuu qoodinsa walitti aanu lamaan gara walakkaatti () hir'isa.
Grade 10 Biology, fuula 81-93 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Sadarkaa Interphase | Taateewwan Seelii Ijoo |
|---|---|
| G1 Phase (First Gap) | Sochii metabolic activity, guddina cell, kuufama ijaartoota DNA fi energy |
| S Phase (Synthesis) | DNA replication fi chromosome duplication |
| G2 Phase (Second Gap) | Energy bakka buusuu, protein synthesis, organelle duplication fi qophii division |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Qoodinsa seeliin dura taateewwan qophii raawwataman adda baasuuf itti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Koppiin DNA kan gaggeeffamu sadarkaa S qofa keessatti, matumaa G1 yookiin G2 keessatti miti.
Grade 10 Biology, fuula 81-93 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.
Gaaffii 1
During which phase of interphase does DNA replication (synthesis) take place?
Deebii: A S phase
Sababa
The S phase (Synthesis phase) is the specific stage of interphase where DNA replication occurs.
Gaaffii 2
Which scientist postulated the cell doctrine in 1858, stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells?
Deebii: B Rudolf Virchow
Sababa
In 1858, Rudolf Virchow postulated that new cells arise from pre-existing cells by cell division.
Gaaffii 3
In mitotic cell division, one diploid (2n) parent cell divides to produce:
Deebii: A Two diploid (2n) identical daughter cells
Sababa
Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Gaaffii 4
Which international honor was awarded to the Ethiopian geneticist Dr. Melaku Worede in 1989 for preserving native seeds?
Deebii: A Right Livelihood Award
Sababa
Dr. Melaku Worede received the Right Livelihood Award in 1989 for his work in preserving Ethiopia's genetic wealth.
Gaaffii 5
During which phase of mitosis do duplicated chromosomes line up end-to-end along the equatorial plane (metaphase plate)?
Deebii: B Metaphase
Sababa
During metaphase, mitotic spindles are fully developed and chromosomes line up along the centre or metaphase plate of the cell.
Gaaffii 6
Why can plant cells NOT simply pinch off in the middle during cytokinesis like animal cells?
Deebii: A They have a rigid cell wall outside the cell membrane
Sababa
Because plant cells have a hard cell wall, the cytoplasm cannot simply pinch off; instead, a new wall is laid down between daughter cells forming a middle lamella.
Gaaffii 7
What is the total number and chromosome condition of daughter cells formed at the end of meiosis?
Deebii: B Four haploid (n) cells
Sababa
Meiosis involves two nuclear divisions that produce four haploid (n) daughter cells (gametes).
Gaaffii 8
As a living cell grows larger in size, what main physical change causes it to trigger cell division?
Deebii: A Its surface area to volume ratio becomes too low for simple diffusion
Sababa
As a cell grows, it develops a low surface area to volume ratio. Simple diffusion becomes inadequate to transport materials, so the cell divides.
Gaaffii 9
Which event specifically occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis?
Deebii: A Homologous chromosome pairs separate and move to opposite poles
Sababa
In Anaphase I, homologous chromosome pairs separate to opposite poles (reducing chromosome number to haploid), while centromeres do not split until Anaphase II.
Gaaffii 10
What occurs when the internal regulatory and controlling system of the cell cycle fails?
Deebii: A Cells divide excessively in an unregulated manner, forming cancer
Sababa
Cancer occurs when cell cycle control factors fail, causing cells to divide continuously in an unregulated manner and invade other body tissues.
Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.
Boqonnaan 4 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 81 hanga fuula 93 ti.
Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 177
Temari boqonnaa kana gara shaakala yeroon daangeffametti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.
Bilisaan jalqabi
Temari.et appii Android qaba; Google Play irratti bilisaan argama.
