Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 5 Jiyoograafii kutaa 11: Jiyoogiraafii fi Guddina Diinagdee

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 5 kitaaba Jiyoograafii kutaa 11 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

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2
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 5
123–158
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 5

Asii jalqabi

Barnoota Temari boqonnaa 5

Barnoota viidiyoo gabaabaa boqonnaa kanaa, kan Temari'n qopheesse. Yommuu play tuqxu qofa fe'ama. Barnoonni kun Afaan Ingiliziitiin.

Growth or development? Measuring better lives with the HDI · daqiiqaa 4 · Gaaffii qormaata darbe 2 hojjetaman

Kutaalee barnootaa

Barnoota achii jalqabee taphachiisuuf kutaa tokko tuqi.

Boqonnaan 5 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Effects of geographic location on development
  2. 2.Climate extremes and poverty
  3. 3.Disadvantages of landlocked countries
  4. 4.Intraregional trade in Africa

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 5

Kaardiiwwan fuula Jiyoograafii kutaa 11 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Gaaffiin guddina diinagdee fi misooma yoo hiiku, ykn guddinni GDP qofaan misooma akka hin mirkanoofne yoo ibsu fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Guddinni ergaa, tajaajila ykn GDP fi galii namaa irratti xiyyeeffata; sadarkaa jireenyaa hin ilaalu. Misoomni garuu barnoota, fayyaa, mana jireenyaa fi hojii ni hammata; HDI'n ni lakkaa'ama. GDP guddachuu qofaa misooma akka mirkaneessu hin fudhatin.

Grade 11 Geography, fuula 123-158 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

MI=WIsWOsMI = \frac{W_{Is}}{W_{Os}}
MIMI
indeksii meeshaaratio\text{ratio}
WIsW_{Is}
ulfina galtee (meeshaalee qabeenyaa)weight\text{weight}
WOsW_{Os}
ulfina oomishaa xumurameweight\text{weight}

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Gaaffiin dhaabbanni warshaa gara madda meeshaa qabeenyaa ykn gara gabaatti eessa argamuu akka qabu yoo gaafate, modeela least-cost Alfred Weber irratti hundaa'uun fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

MI 1 caalu yoo ta'e dhaabbanni madda meeshaa qabeenyaa dhiyaatti argama; MI 1 gadi yoo ta'e gabaatti dhiyaatti argama. Barattoonni kana walitti jijjiiru.

Grade 11 Geography, fuula 123-158 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 5

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

According to the chapter, what does economic growth mainly focus on?

  1. A.The quantitative growth of national per capita income, without giving due regard to the standard of living
  2. B.The number of schools and hospitals built in each region
  3. C.The distance between a country and the nearest seaport
  4. D.The number of landlocked countries in a continent
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A The quantitative growth of national per capita income, without giving due regard to the standard of living

Sababa

The chapter says economic growth is an increase in goods and services, or growth of GDP, over a period. It mainly focuses on the quantitative growth of national per capita income. It does not give due regard to the standard of living and welfare of citizens. Economic development is the broader idea that includes both quality and quantity.

Gaaffii 2

The Human Development Index (HDI) is computed using three dimensions. Which of the following is not one of them?

  1. A.Longevity (long and healthy life)
  2. B.Access to knowledge
  3. C.A decent standard of living
  4. D.Total population size of the country
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D Total population size of the country

Sababa

The chapter names three HDI dimensions: longevity, access to knowledge, and standard of living. Total population size is not one of them. Longevity is measured from life expectancy at birth, and knowledge is measured from literacy rates and average years of schooling.

Gaaffii 3

In von Thünen's hypothetical circular land use model, which crops are suggested to be grown in the zone nearest to the market city?

  1. A.Field crops such as grains
  2. B.Ranching of animals
  3. C.Heavy and perishable crops such as vegetables, fruits, and dairy products
  4. D.Nothing; the zone is unoccupied wilderness
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Heavy and perishable crops such as vegetables, fruits, and dairy products

Sababa

In von Thünen's model, heavy and perishable crops (vegetables, fruits and dairy products) are placed nearest to the city. These products would be costly to carry far to market. Grains come from the third zone, ranching from the fourth zone, and the final zone beyond the fourth ring is wilderness.

Gaaffii 4

In Walter Christaller's central place model, the marketing principle is also called which K system?

  1. A.K = 4 system
  2. B.K = 7 system
  3. C.K = 3 system
  4. D.K = 9 system
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C K = 3 system

Sababa

The chapter lists three principles: the marketing principle (K = 3), the transportation principle (K = 4), and the administrative principle (K = 7). In the K = 3 system, one higher-order central place serves itself and two lower-order neighboring centers.

Gaaffii 5

A sugar-cane mill uses 500 tonnes of cane to produce 250 tonnes of sugar. Using Alfred Weber's material index (MI = weight of inputs / weight of outputs), what is the MI, and where should the mill be located?

  1. A.MI = 0.5, so the mill should locate near the market
  2. B.MI = 2, so the mill should locate near the source of the raw material
  3. C.MI = 2, so the mill should locate near the market
  4. D.MI = 0.5, so the mill should locate near the source of the raw material
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B MI = 2, so the mill should locate near the source of the raw material

Sababa

MI = 500 / 250 = 2. The chapter says that if MI is greater than 1, the firm should locate nearer to the source of the raw material. Sugar-cane mills are named in the chapter as bulk-reducing industries that should locate near their input sources.

Gaaffii 6

According to Weber, which of these is an example of a pure, bulk-gaining industry that can locate near markets?

  1. A.Bauxite refinery
  2. B.Sugar-cane mill
  3. C.Steel mill
  4. D.Soft-drink bottling
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D Soft-drink bottling

Sababa

The chapter lists cotton textiles, soft-drink bottling, brewery, and beverages as examples of pure, bulk-gaining industries. Their inputs do not lose weight, and adding weight makes shipping costly, so they locate near markets. Bauxite refineries, sugar-cane mills and steel mills are bulk-reducing industries that locate near their raw materials.

Gaaffii 7

In the 2019 UNDP ranking of 189 world countries, Ethiopia had an HDI score of 0.485. Which rank did Ethiopia hold?

  1. A.Rank 1 of 189
  2. B.Rank 173 of 189
  3. C.Rank 170 of 189
  4. D.Rank 189 of 189
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Rank 173 of 189

Sababa

The chapter states that Ethiopia, with a score of 0.485 HDI value, ranked 173 of the 189 countries. Norway ranked at the top with 0.957, while Niger, Central African Republic and Chad were at the bottom.

Gaaffii 8

In the Itang District study (Gambella region, Ethiopia), what percentage of respondents reported that their crops were severely damaged or destroyed following the 2007 flood?

  1. A.51 percent
  2. B.50 percent
  3. C.94 percent
  4. D.100 percent
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C 94 percent

Sababa

The case study says that ninety-four percent of respondents reported that their crops were severely damaged or destroyed following the 2007 flood. The 51 percent figure in the text refers to the share who reported losing livestock, which is a different fact.

Gaaffii 9

In Christaller's K = 4 system (the transportation principle), how many low-order settlements does each high-order center serve in total?

  1. A.3
  2. B.4
  3. C.6
  4. D.7
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 4

Sababa

In the K = 4 system, lower-order settlements are placed at the mid-points of the sides along roads connecting higher-order settlements. Each central place supports half of the market of each of six adjoining low-order settlements. The chapter states that the total number of sites served is four. Three is the number for the K = 3 system, and seven is the number for the K = 7 system.

Gaaffii 10

Which statement best reflects the school of possibilism?

  1. A.Nature is never more than an adviser, and there are no necessities but everywhere possibilities.
  2. B.The stage of socio-economic development is exclusively determined by the geographic environment.
  3. C.Countries in tropical areas are less developed only because of their hot climate, and nothing else matters.
  4. D.Development depends only on the climate of a country and cannot be changed by people.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Nature is never more than an adviser, and there are no necessities but everywhere possibilities.

Sababa

Possibilism argues that geographic environment is not the only determinant of development. The chapter quotes the possibilist phrases 'nature is never more than an adviser' and 'there are no necessities but everywhere possibilities'. The other options describe geographical determinism, which says the geographic environment alone decides development.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 5

Boqonnaan 5 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 123 hanga fuula 158 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 254

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Jiyoograafii kutaa 11 hunda

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