Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa
Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 1 kitaaba Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 12 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.
Kaardiiwwan fuula Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 12 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Gaaffilee mirga qabeenya sammuu sooftiweerii, sarbama seeraafi naamusa barnootaa ilaallatan deebisuuf kanatti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Copyright koodii barreeffame eega, Patent ammoo kalaqa hojii haaraa eega. Plagiarism hojii namaa beekamtii malee fudhachuu yoo ta'u, sarbamni copyright ammoo heeyyama malee seeraan ala fayyadamuu dha.
Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, fuula 1-28 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Ramaddii | Kaayyoo Ijoo | Fakkeenya |
|---|---|---|
| Meeshaalee communication | messaging, video conferencing, fi screen sharing walitti qindaa'e | Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Slack, Google Meet, Skype |
| Documentation fi file sharing | File storage, version tracking, fi heyyama editing waliinii | Google Drive, MS SharePoint, Dropbox, Google Docs |
| Project management | Task qindeessuu, project tracking, fi workflow management | Trello, Asana, ClickUp |
| Data visualization | Data walxaxaa gara bifa visual graphic tti jijjiiruu fi qabachuu | Power BI, Tableau, Google Charts, Grafana |
| Notetaking | Yaadota, yaada bu'uuraa, fi notes saffisaan qabachuu fi qindeessuu | Evernote, MS OneNote, Google Keep |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Appilikeeshinoota hojii gamtaa dijitaalaa akkaataa tajaajila isaaniitti adda baasuuf kanatti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Meeshaalee project management meeshaalee notetaking yookaan file sharing waliin walitti hin makin. Sooftiweeriin project management hojiiwwaniifi adeemsa hojii hordofuuf kan qophaa'an dha.
Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, fuula 1-28 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Damee Dhimmaa | Sababootaafi Balaawwan | Mala Furmaataa |
|---|---|---|
| E-waste | Heavy metals summii qaban kanneen akka cadmium, lead, fi mercury gara biyyee fi bishaaniitti dhangala'uu | Bulchiinsa e-waste bifa qindaa'aa ta'een geggeessuu, safe recovery, fi recycling |
| Fayyadama Qabeenyaa (Resource Consumption) | Fayyadama elektiriikii ol'aanaa fi oomishni waraqaa carbon emissions dabaluuf gumaachuun isaanii | Green technologies kanneen akka solar panels, fi adeemsa hojii waraqaa maleeyyii (paperless digital workflows) |
| Fayyaa Qaamaa (Physical Health) | Sa'aatii dheeraa screen dura turuun dhukkubbii musculoskeletal, dhibee ijaa, fi bowwoo mataa fiduu isaa | Teeffannaa ergonomic, yeroo yeroon boqonnaa screen fudhachuu, fi sochii qaamaa gochuu |
| Fayyaa Sammuu (Mental Health) | Araada social media fi gaming to'annaa hin qabne kan dhibee hirriibaa fi dhiphina fidu | Fayyadama meeshaalee of eeggannoo qabu, daangaa screen time, fi amalooma digital well-being |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Miidhaa naannoo kan meeshaalee elektirooniksii fi dhibeewwan fayyaa fayyadama garmaleetiin dhufan ibsuuf kanatti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Kosiin elektirooniksii (e-waste) sibiilota summaa'oo kanneen akka liidii, mearkurii fi kaadmiyeem of keessaa waan qabuuf bishaan lafa jalaa faala.
Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, fuula 1-28 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gosa IP | Wanta Eegamu | Amala Ijoo | Fakkeenya |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Secret | Oodeeffannoo business fi formulas icciitii ta'an | Hanga icciitiin isaa eegametti yeroo xumuramaa idilee malee eegama | Coca-Cola recipe, source code, tarree maamiltootaa |
| Patent | Kalaqoota, processes fi machines | Erga ifa ta'ee booda mirga dhuunfaa yeroo murtaa'eef kennamu | PageRank algorithm, Bluetooth, Amazon One Click |
| Copyright | Hojiiwwan abbummaa original ta'an, code, GUI | Yeroo uumamu eegumsa ofumaan argata, himataaf registration barbaachisa | Software programs, hojiiwwan ogbarruu, muuziqaa |
| Trademark | Mallattoolee, maqoolee fi symbols meeshaalee adda baasan | Itti fayyadama daldalaa itti fufiinsa qabuun eegama, yeroo daangaa hin qabneef qabamuu danda'a | Meta, Microsoft, RIDE |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Qabeenya sooftiweerii, algoorizimii, mallattoo daldalaa yookaan odeeffannoo iccitii eeguuf tooftaa seeraa sirrii ta'e adda baasuuf kanatti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Eegumsi Copyright akkuma hojiin uumameen ofumaan argama, garuu Patent qaama akka Abbaa Taayitaa Qabeenya Sammuu Itoophiyaa biratti iyyannoon dhiyaatee heyyamamuu qaba.
Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, fuula 1-28 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.
Gaaffii 1
According to the textbook, presenting work or ideas from another source as your own without full acknowledgement is called:
Deebii: A Plagiarism
Sababa
Plagiarism is defined as presenting work or ideas from another source as your own, with or without the consent of the original author, without giving full credit.
Gaaffii 2
Which category of digital collaboration tools includes software such as Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams?
Deebii: B Communication tools
Sababa
Microsoft Teams, Skype, Google Meet, and Zoom are classified as communication tools because they provide messaging, conference calling, and video chats with screen sharing.
Gaaffii 3
In Ethiopia, the National ID project was started as part of which national initiative?
Deebii: A The Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy
Sababa
The National ID project was started as part of the Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy to provide a secure and reliable digital identity for all Ethiopians and legal residents.
Gaaffii 4
Electronic waste (e-waste) can contaminate drinking water and soil by leaking toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, and which other metal?
Deebii: A Lead
Sababa
Most electronic devices contain non-biodegradable and hazardous materials, including lead, cadmium, and mercury, which can harm the environment if discarded improperly.
Gaaffii 5
Unlike patents and copyrights, which can expire after a specific time, what is a key feature of a registered trademark?
Deebii: A It can be held indefinitely through continued use
Sababa
While patents and copyrights expire, trademark rights come from the continuous use of the mark and can be held indefinitely.
Gaaffii 6
A graphic designer in Addis Ababa finds that a business downloaded her original poster online and used it on billboards without asking for her permission. Which concept is directly violated?
Deebii: A Digital ownership
Sababa
Digital ownership gives creators the right to control, use, and protect their digital content. Using someone else's work without permission violates digital ownership rights.
Gaaffii 7
What is the primary purpose of clean or green technologies, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and electric vehicles?
Deebii: A To monitor or reduce the negative impact of technology on the environment
Sababa
Green or clean technologies are environmentally friendly solutions designed to monitor and reduce the negative impact of technology on the environment and promote a sustainable, low-carbon economy.
Gaaffii 8
Software tools like Trello, Asana, and ClickUp are examples of which type of digital collaboration tools?
Deebii: A Project management tools
Sababa
Trello, Asana, and ClickUp are classified as project management tools because their core functionality revolves around organizing projects and tracking tasks.
Gaaffii 9
A company keeps its customer list and source code completely confidential to maintain a competitive advantage over rivals. Under intellectual property law, these assets are protected as:
Deebii: A Trade secrets
Sababa
Trade secrets protect confidential business information, such as customer lists, internal formulas, and source code, whose unauthorized use by others is considered unfair practice.
Gaaffii 10
The textbook states that automation and artificial intelligence can replace routine tasks. Which group of jobs is specifically mentioned as being at risk of replacement?
Deebii: A Cashiers, data entry clerks, and factory workers
Sababa
The textbook explicitly highlights that routine jobs such as cashiers, data entry clerks, and factory workers can easily be managed and replaced by automated systems.
Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.
Boqonnaan 1 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 1 hanga fuula 28 ti.
Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 210
Temari boqonnaa kana gara shaakala yeroon daangeffametti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.
Bilisaan jalqabi
Temari.et appii Android qaba; Google Play irratti bilisaan argama.
