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Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 12 Information Technology unit 1: Information Systems and Their Applications

Everything here is for unit 1 of the Grade 12 Information Technology textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

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4
Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 1
1–28
The textbook pages for unit 1

What unit 1 covers

  1. 1.Ethical, Legal, Social, Environmental and Health Issues in the Use of Information
  2. 2.Ethical and Legal Issues in Information System
  3. 3.Social Issues in Information System
  4. 4.Environmental issues caused by Information Systems
  5. 5.Health Issues caused by information systems
  6. 6.Intellectual Property
  7. 7.Digital Identity Management
  8. 8.Collaboration Through Digital Technologies
  9. 9.Components of Digital Collaboration
  10. 10.Engaging in Citizenship through Digital Technologies

Short notes for unit 1

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 12 Information Technology page. Open one at a time.

CategoryCore PurposeExamples
Communication toolsIntegrated messaging, video conferencing, and screen sharingMicrosoft Teams, Zoom, Slack, Google Meet, Skype
Documentation and file sharingFile storage, version tracking, and shared editing permissionsGoogle Drive, MS SharePoint, Dropbox, Google Docs
Project managementTask organization, project tracking, and workflow managementTrello, Asana, ClickUp
Data visualizationRendering and handling complex data into visual graphic stylesPower BI, Tableau, Google Charts, Grafana
NotetakingCapturing and organizing thoughts, ideas, and notes quicklyEvernote, MS OneNote, Google Keep

When you use it

Use when classifying digital collaboration applications according to their specific workplace or educational functions.

Watch out

Do not confuse project management tools with simple notetaking or file sharing tools. Project management software specifically manages tasks, assignments, and workflows.

Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 1-28, then checked twice before it went up

Concern AreaCauses and HazardsMitigation Approaches
E-wasteToxic heavy metals like cadmium, lead, and mercury leaching into soil and waterStructured e-waste management, safe recovery, and recycling
Resource ConsumptionHigh electricity use and paper manufacturing contributing to carbon emissionsGreen technologies like solar panels, and paperless digital workflows
Physical HealthLong screen hours causing musculoskeletal pain, eye strain, and headachesErgonomic posture, taking regular screen breaks, and physical exercise
Mental HealthUncontrolled social media and gaming addiction causing sleep disorders and stressMindful device usage, screen time limits, and digital well-being habits

When you use it

Use when summarizing the ecological damage and physical or mental health hazards associated with information system hardware and excessive usage.

Watch out

E-waste contains non-biodegradable hazardous heavy metals like lead, mercury, and cadmium that directly contaminate groundwater if not recycled properly.

Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 1-28, then checked twice before it went up

IP TypeProtected SubjectKey CharacteristicExamples
Trade SecretConfidential business info and formulasProtected while kept secret without formal expiryCoca-Cola recipe, source code, customer lists
PatentInventions, processes, and machinesExclusive right granted for limited duration after disclosurePageRank algorithm, Bluetooth, Amazon One Click
CopyrightOriginal works of authorship, code, GUIAutomatic protection upon creation, registration needed for lawsuitsSoftware programs, literary works, music
TrademarkSigns, names, and symbols distinguishing goodsProtected through continuous commercial use, can be held indefinitelyMeta, Microsoft, RIDE

When you use it

Use when identifying the proper legal mechanism to protect different software assets, algorithms, branding, or confidential data.

Watch out

Copyright protection is automatic upon creation, but patents require formal application and granting by an authority such as the Ethiopian Intellectual Property Authority.

Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 1-28, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 1

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

According to the textbook, presenting work or ideas from another source as your own without full acknowledgement is called:

  1. A.Plagiarism
  2. B.Cyberbullying
  3. C.Trademarking
  4. D.Trade secrecy
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Plagiarism

Why

Plagiarism is defined as presenting work or ideas from another source as your own, with or without the consent of the original author, without giving full credit.

Question 2

Which category of digital collaboration tools includes software such as Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams?

  1. A.Data visualization tools
  2. B.Communication tools
  3. C.Notetaking tools
  4. D.Project management tools
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Communication tools

Why

Microsoft Teams, Skype, Google Meet, and Zoom are classified as communication tools because they provide messaging, conference calling, and video chats with screen sharing.

Question 3

In Ethiopia, the National ID project was started as part of which national initiative?

  1. A.The Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy
  2. B.The Green Legacy Initiative
  3. C.The E-Commerce Proclamation of 2020
  4. D.The National Broadband Project 2030
Show the answer and why

Answer: A The Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy

Why

The National ID project was started as part of the Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy to provide a secure and reliable digital identity for all Ethiopians and legal residents.

Question 4

Electronic waste (e-waste) can contaminate drinking water and soil by leaking toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, and which other metal?

  1. A.Lead
  2. B.Gold
  3. C.Iron
  4. D.Sodium
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Lead

Why

Most electronic devices contain non-biodegradable and hazardous materials, including lead, cadmium, and mercury, which can harm the environment if discarded improperly.

Question 5

Unlike patents and copyrights, which can expire after a specific time, what is a key feature of a registered trademark?

  1. A.It can be held indefinitely through continued use
  2. B.It protects original literary and musical works only
  3. C.It requires the owner to publish source code publicly
  4. D.It is valid for only two years
Show the answer and why

Answer: A It can be held indefinitely through continued use

Why

While patents and copyrights expire, trademark rights come from the continuous use of the mark and can be held indefinitely.

Question 6

A graphic designer in Addis Ababa finds that a business downloaded her original poster online and used it on billboards without asking for her permission. Which concept is directly violated?

  1. A.Digital ownership
  2. B.Data visualization
  3. C.Environmental protection
  4. D.System restoration
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Digital ownership

Why

Digital ownership gives creators the right to control, use, and protect their digital content. Using someone else's work without permission violates digital ownership rights.

Question 7

What is the primary purpose of clean or green technologies, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and electric vehicles?

  1. A.To monitor or reduce the negative impact of technology on the environment
  2. B.To replace all digital databases with manual paper files
  3. C.To stop businesses from sharing digital files over networks
  4. D.To eliminate the need for computer programming
Show the answer and why

Answer: A To monitor or reduce the negative impact of technology on the environment

Why

Green or clean technologies are environmentally friendly solutions designed to monitor and reduce the negative impact of technology on the environment and promote a sustainable, low-carbon economy.

Question 8

Software tools like Trello, Asana, and ClickUp are examples of which type of digital collaboration tools?

  1. A.Project management tools
  2. B.Data visualization tools
  3. C.Notetaking tools
  4. D.File storage tools
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Project management tools

Why

Trello, Asana, and ClickUp are classified as project management tools because their core functionality revolves around organizing projects and tracking tasks.

Question 9

A company keeps its customer list and source code completely confidential to maintain a competitive advantage over rivals. Under intellectual property law, these assets are protected as:

  1. A.Trade secrets
  2. B.Patents
  3. C.Trademarks
  4. D.Public domains
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Trade secrets

Why

Trade secrets protect confidential business information, such as customer lists, internal formulas, and source code, whose unauthorized use by others is considered unfair practice.

Question 10

The textbook states that automation and artificial intelligence can replace routine tasks. Which group of jobs is specifically mentioned as being at risk of replacement?

  1. A.Cashiers, data entry clerks, and factory workers
  2. B.Cyber warriors, network engineers, and IT teachers
  3. C.Software developers, cloud architects, and system analysts
  4. D.Patent officers, judges, and copyright registrars
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Cashiers, data entry clerks, and factory workers

Why

The textbook explicitly highlights that routine jobs such as cashiers, data entry clerks, and factory workers can easily be managed and replaced by automated systems.

The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 1

Unit 1 runs from page 1 to page 28 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 210 pages

Download the PDF

All Grade 12 Information Technology short notes

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