Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 6 Diinagdee kutaa 9: Seensa Maallaqaa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 6 kitaaba Diinagdee kutaa 9 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

Google Play irraa buufadhaa
5
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 6
77–92
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 6

Boqonnaan 6 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Definition of Money
  2. 2.Evolution of Money
  3. 3.Functions of Money
  4. 4.Demand and Supply of Money
  5. 5.Money and Electronic Banking

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 6

Kaardiiwwan fuula Diinagdee kutaa 9 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

QaamaKan Of Keessaa QabuKan Hir'ifamu
Currency ummata bira jiruNootota currency naanna'aa jiran, nootota birrii fi saantimoota, saantimoota xixiqqooCash harka baankotaa jiru
Deposit money ummata bira jiruHafeewwan baankii current accounts keessatti qabaman (chequable deposits)Homaa
Total Money SupplyCurrency with the public + Deposit money with the publicHomaa

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Waliigala maallaqa diinagdee keessa jiru shallaguuf yookiin maallaqa ummata harka jiru adda baasuuf fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Maallaqa ummata harka jiru shallaguuf maallaqni callaan baankota harka jiru waliigala irraa hir'ifamuu qaba.

Grade 9 Economics, fuula 77-92 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

UlaagaaUlaagaa Barbaachisu
StandardizationGatii beekuun salphaa akka ta'uuf salphaatti standardize ta'uu danda'uu qaba
AcceptabilityAkka medium jijjiirraa dinagdeetti bal'inaan fudhatama kan qabu ta'uu qaba
DivisibilityJijjiirraa deebisuun salphaa akka ta'uuf qoodamuu danda'uu qaba
PortabilitySalphaa fi bakkarraa bakkatti baachuuf kan mijatu ta'uu qaba
DurabilityYeroo waliin dafee kan hin mancaane yookiin hin badne ta'uu qaba

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Amaloota meeshaan tokko akka maallaqaatti tajaajiluuf guutuu qabu adda baasuuf fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Meeshaan tokko sirriitti akka maallaqaatti tajaajiluuf ulaagaalee shananuu walfaana guutuu qaba.

Grade 9 Economics, fuula 77-92 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

HojiiGahee Diinagdee
Medium of exchangeDouble coincidence of wants ni hambisa, transaction costs ni xiqqeessa
Unit of accountGatii goods and services safara akkasumas ibsa
Store of valuePurchasing power yeroo ammaa irraa gara fuulduraatti dabarsa
Standard of deferred paymentsLiqeessuu, liqeeffachuu fi kaffaltiiwwan gara fuulduraa kaffaluu ni mijeessa

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Yeroo maallaqni diinagdee keessatti akkamitti akka hojjetu xiinxaltu yookiin hojiiwwan isaa adda baaftu fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Qabeenyi akka lafaa fi boondii gatii waan kuusaniif maallaqni kuusaa gatii ta'uun qofti adda miti, garuu maallaqni dandeettii saffisaan dhimma baasuu (liquidity) olaanaa qaba.

Grade 9 Economics, fuula 77-92 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

SababaKaayyoo GuddaaMurteessaa
Sababa galii (Transaction motive)Garaagarummaa galii argachuu fi baasii guyyaa guyyaa gidduu jiru dhiphisuufSadarkaa galii fi deddeebii kaffaltii
Sababa daldalaa (Transaction motive)Mindaa, meeshaalee fi baasiiwwan hojii yeroo ammaa kaffaluufHanga naannawa daldalaa (business turnover)
Sababa of eeggannoo (Precautionary motive)Balaawwan hin eegamnee fi wantoota tasa mudataniif qarshii callaa qabachuufAmala dhuunfaa fi haala jireenyaa
Sababa tilmaamaa (Speculative motive)Jijjiirama reetii dhalaa fi gatii boondii fuulduraa irraa fayyadamuufReetii dhala gabaa kan eegamu (expected market interest rates)

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Namoonnii fi dhaabbileen maaliif maallaqa callaa harkatti akka qabatan (liquidity preference) ibsuuf fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Sababni transaction motive fedhii galii maamiltootaa fi fedhii daldalaa dhaabbilee lamaan isaanii iyyuu of keessatti qabata.

Grade 9 Economics, fuula 77-92 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

HanqinaIbsa
Lack of double coincidence of wantsNama waan ati qabdu barbaadu fi waan ati barbaaddu qabu argachuu barbaada
Lack of a common measure of valueReeshiyoo waljijjiirraa meeshaalee gidduu jiru murteessuuf ulaagaan waliigalaa dhabamuu
Indivisibility of commoditiesMeeshaaleen tokko tokko waljijjiirraa raawwachuuf yeroo qoodaman gatii yookiin eenyummaa isaanii dhabu
Difficulty in storing and transferring wealthMeeshaaleen yeroo wajjin manca'u, baasii kuusaa guddaa barbaadu, yookiin geejjibuuf baasii guddaa gaafatu
Difficulty in deferred paymentsKaffaltiiwwan gara fuulduraa meeshaadhaan raawwataman tasgabbii dhabuu gatii fi garaagarummaa qulqullinaatiin gufatu

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Diinagdeen barter maaliif akka hin hojjennee fi jijjiirraan maallaqaa maaliif akka dhufe ibsuuf fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Addaan qoodamuu dhabuu mi'aa fi rakkina qabeenya kuusuu walitti hin mihin.

Grade 9 Economics, fuula 77-92 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 6

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

Which criterion of money requires that a commodity should not break down or degrade quickly over time?

  1. A.Durability
  2. B.Portability
  3. C.Divisibility
  4. D.Standardization
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Durability

Sababa

Durability means that the commodity used as money should not degrade or spoil quickly, allowing it to be used repeatedly.

Gaaffii 2

What is the direct exchange of goods for goods without using money called?

  1. A.Fiat exchange
  2. B.Barter system
  3. C.Electronic payment
  4. D.Monetary transaction
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Barter system

Sababa

The barter system is an economic system where goods are directly exchanged for other goods without the mediation of money.

Gaaffii 3

When a shopkeeper in Merkato sets the price of a sack of teff at 8,000 birr, which function of money is being demonstrated?

  1. A.Store of value
  2. B.Unit of account
  3. C.Precautionary holding
  4. D.Standard of deferred payment
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Unit of account

Sababa

As a unit of account, money is used to measure and express the value or price of goods and services in the economy.

Gaaffii 4

According to John Maynard Keynes, holding money to provide for unforeseen emergencies like sickness or accidents is called the:

  1. A.Precautionary motive
  2. B.Speculative motive
  3. C.Income motive
  4. D.Business motive
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Precautionary motive

Sababa

The precautionary motive refers to holding cash balances to protect against unexpected events and contingencies like illness or job loss.

Gaaffii 5

In what year was paper money issued in Ethiopia for the first time by the Bank of Abyssinia?

  1. A.1893
  2. B.1914
  3. C.1932
  4. D.1945
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 1914

Sababa

Paper money was first issued in Ethiopia in 1914 by the Bank of Abyssinia, although it was unfamiliar and struggled to gain wide public acceptance at that time.

Gaaffii 6

What is fiat money?

  1. A.Paper currency decreed by government as legal tender that is not convertible into precious metal
  2. B.Commodity money made entirely of gold and silver bars
  3. C.Traditional commodity money such as salt bars and beads
  4. D.Money that is always 100 percent backed by gold deposits
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Paper currency decreed by government as legal tender that is not convertible into precious metal

Sababa

Fiat money is paper currency decreed by the government as legal tender for paying debts, but it cannot be converted into coins or precious metals on demand.

Gaaffii 7

A person wants to exchange a live horse for a pair of shoes under a barter system. Since the horse cannot be divided without killing it, trade fails. Which limitation of barter does this show?

  1. A.Lack of double coincidence of wants
  2. B.Indivisibility of commodities
  3. C.Difficulty in deferred payments
  4. D.High cost of electronic transfer
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Indivisibility of commodities

Sababa

This is the problem of indivisibility of commodities. Some goods cannot be divided into smaller parts without losing their identity and total value.

Gaaffii 8

Which function of money makes it possible for people to buy goods on credit now and settle the debt at a future date?

  1. A.Standard of deferred payments
  2. B.Unit of account
  3. C.Store of value
  4. D.Medium of exchange
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Standard of deferred payments

Sababa

Money functions as a standard of deferred payments by allowing contracts where goods are bought today and paid for in the future.

Gaaffii 9

According to official records, the Axumite kingdom began minting its own coins in the third century A.D. during the reign of which kings?

  1. A.King Menelik II and Emperor Haileselassie
  2. B.King Endybis and King Aphilas
  3. C.King Ezana and King Kaleb
  4. D.King Lalibela and King Tewodros
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B King Endybis and King Aphilas

Sababa

Official records show that the Axumite kingdom began using its own coins in the third century A.D. during the reign of King Endybis and Aphilas.

Gaaffii 10

In Keynesian economics, the speculative motive for holding cash balances is mainly related to:

  1. A.Covering daily household food and transport costs
  2. B.Meeting regular business operating expenses and wages
  3. C.Taking advantage of future changes in interest rates or bond prices
  4. D.Preparing for unexpected job loss or sickness
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Taking advantage of future changes in interest rates or bond prices

Sababa

The speculative motive relates to holding liquid resources to take advantage of expected market movements regarding future changes in interest rates or bond prices.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 6

Boqonnaan 6 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 77 hanga fuula 92 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 130

PDF buufadhaa

Yaadannoo gabaabaa Diinagdee kutaa 9 hunda

Boqonnaa kana appii keessatti shaakali

Temari boqonnaa kana gara shaakala yeroon daangeffametti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.

Bilisaan jalqabi

Temari.et appii Android qaba; Google Play irratti bilisaan argama.

Google Play irraa buufadhaaWaa'ee appii Temari
SeeniHerrega kee bani