Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 2 Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 9: Netwoorkii Kompiitaraa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 2 kitaaba Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 9 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

Google Play irraa buufadhaa
5
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 2
37–71
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 2

Boqonnaan 2 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Definition of Network
  2. 2.Fundamental Elements of Network
  3. 3.Types of Networks
  4. 4.Advantages and Disadvantages of Network
  5. 5.Unit Review Exercise

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 2

Kaardiiwwan fuula Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 9 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

AmalaSaaxila Client-ServerSaaxila Peer-to-Peer
Central ServerDedicated server qabeenya (resources) bulchaDedicated server hin qabu, peers hundi walqixa
SecurityServer irratti security olaanaa giddugaleeffateSecurity share-level trust-based ta'e
Node RolesClients ni gaafatu (request), server ni deebisa (responds)Node hundi request gochuus deebisuunis (respond) ni danda'a
Cost fi ScaleBaasii guddaa, networks gurguddoof tasgabbaa'aa kan ta'eBaasii salphaa, nodes 10 yoo caalan rakkisaa dha

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Mootela qabeenya bulchuu, nageenyaafi sadarkaa saaxilaa walbira qabuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Peer-to-peer keessatti kompiitarri hundi dataa isaatiif itti gaafatamaadha, client-server keessatti garuu server irratti jiddugaleessa ta'a.

Grade 9 Information Technology, fuula 37-71 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Meeshaaleen saaxilaa akkamitti dataa akka dabarsaniifi teessoo akka fayyadaman adda baasuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Hub daataa kompiitaroota hundumaaf tamsaasa. Switch teessoo qaamaatti fayyadamee gara qondaala barbaadame qofatti erga. Router ammoo saaxiloota adda addaa routing table fayyadamee walqunnamsiisa.

Grade 9 Information Technology, fuula 37-71 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

MeeshaaGahee SaaxilaaAmala Hojii
NICcomputer gara network mediumtti walqunnamsiisaphysical port yookiin wireless antenna of keessaa qaba
Repeatersignals dadhabaa haaromsa akkasumas ni cimsanoise qulqulleessuun fageenya network dheeressa
Switchdevices LAN keessa jiran walqunnamsiisapackets forward gochuuf physical address table fayyadama
Routernetworks garaagaraa wal hin fakkaanne walqunnamsiisaroute filatamaa argachuuf routing table fayyadama
WAPwireless devices gara wired LANtti walqunnamsiisaradio signals Wi-Fi yookiin Bluetooth fayyadama

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Hojii meeshaalee dataa qindeessan, dabarsan yookiin haaromsan adda baasuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Switch LAN tokko uuma, garuu saaxiloota adda addaa walqunnamsiisuuf Router barbaachisaadha.

Grade 9 Information Technology, fuula 37-71 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gosa SaaxilaaUwwisa BakkaaFakkeenya
PANHanga 10 m10\text{ m} ttiMeeshaalee Bluetooth tiin walqabatan
LAN10 m10\text{ m} hanga 1 km1\text{ km} (gamoo ykn campus)Laboratory mana barumsaa ykn waajjira
MAN10 km10\text{ km} hanga 100 km100\text{ km} (magaalaa guutuu)Network dameewwan baankii magaalaa guutuu
WAN1000 km1000\text{ km} hanga 10000 km10000\text{ km} (addunyaa)Internet

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Gosa saaxilaa fageenyaafi uwwisa lafaatiin adda baasuuf yookiin walbira qabuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Bluetooth fakkeenya PAN ti malee LAN miti. Internet fakkeenya guddaa WAN ti.

Grade 9 Information Technology, fuula 37-71 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

TooppooloojiiCaasaa QaamaaFaayidaa GuddaaBakka Miidhaan Itti Dhuful
Busbackbone cable dheeraa tokkichaBaasii xiqqaa fi cabling xiqqaatti fayyadamabackbone irratti citiinsi uumamu network guutuu hojiin ala taasisa
Starswitch giddugaleessaa wajjin dedicated link qabaachuuFault tolerant kan ta'ee fi install gochuuf salphaaKufaatiin switch giddugaleessaa node hundumaa hojiin ala taasisa
RingOllaa walitti aanan lamaan wajjin loop geengoo ta'efault isolation salphaaKufaatiin node tokkoo ring guutuu hojiin ala taasisa
Meshnode hunda wajjin direct point-to-point link qabaachuuHunda caalaa secure fi fault tolerant kan ta'eBaay'ee qaaliifi cabling walxaxaa qabaachuu

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Tooppooloojiiwwan saaxilaa caasaa, faayidaafi miidhaadhaan walbira qabuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Tooppooloojii Star keessatti kabaalli tokko yoo cite kompiitaruma sana qofa miidha, garuu switch jiddugaleessaa yoo dhabame guutummaan saaxilaa cufama.

Grade 9 Information Technology, fuula 37-71 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 2

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

Connecting a laptop and a mobile phone using Bluetooth is an example of which type of network?

  1. A.Personal Area Network (PAN)
  2. B.Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
  3. C.Wide Area Network (WAN)
  4. D.Global Area Network (GAN)
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Personal Area Network (PAN)

Sababa

A Personal Area Network (PAN) is organized around an individual person. A network created using short-range Bluetooth is a standard example of a PAN.

Gaaffii 2

Which wired communication medium uses light to transmit signals at faster speeds and longer distances?

  1. A.Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable
  2. B.Fiber optic cable
  3. C.Coaxial copper cable
  4. D.Radio wave medium
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Fiber optic cable

Sababa

Fiber optic cable uses light pulses to carry data faster and across greater distances than copper cables.

Gaaffii 3

Which of the following is classified as an end device (host) in a network?

  1. A.Network Interface Card
  2. B.Switch
  3. C.Network printer
  4. D.Repeater
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Network printer

Sababa

An end device or host is a device that sends or receives data directly. Network printers, desktop computers, and laptops are end devices, while switches and repeaters are intermediary devices.

Gaaffii 4

In which network topology are all computers connected to a single central controller such as a switch?

  1. A.Star topology
  2. B.Ring topology
  3. C.Bus topology
  4. D.Mesh topology
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Star topology

Sababa

In a star topology, each device has a dedicated point-to-point connection to a central device, usually a switch.

Gaaffii 5

Which intermediary device regenerates a weak electronic signal to restore it to its original strength over long distances?

  1. A.Router
  2. B.Repeater
  3. C.Switch
  4. D.Wireless Access Point
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Repeater

Sababa

A repeater extends network distance limits by refreshing and regenerating weak electronic signals back to their original strength.

Gaaffii 6

A commercial bank in Addis Ababa connects three separate branch offices located across the city using the Ethio-telecom network. What type of network is created?

  1. A.Personal Area Network (PAN)
  2. B.Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
  3. C.Local Area Network (LAN)
  4. D.Wide Area Network (WAN)
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Sababa

A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is designed to cover an entire city, such as connecting multiple bank branches across a city.

Gaaffii 7

In a peer-to-peer network, what is the maximum number of computers usually recommended so that administration does not become too difficult?

  1. A.5 computers
  2. B.10 computers
  3. C.50 computers
  4. D.100 computers
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 10 computers

Sababa

The textbook states that a peer-to-peer network usually does not exceed 10 computers because administration becomes very difficult beyond this number.

Gaaffii 8

What happens to a network with a star topology if the central switch breaks down?

  1. A.Traffic automatically passes through adjacent neighbor nodes.
  2. B.The network continues to work without any interruption.
  3. C.Only computers linked by fiber optic cables continue to send data.
  4. D.The entire network becomes defunct and stops functioning.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D The entire network becomes defunct and stops functioning.

Sababa

Because all devices in a star topology rely entirely on the central switch to send data to one another, the whole network fails if that switch goes down.

Gaaffii 9

How does a network switch differ from a basic hub when forwarding data packets?

  1. A.A switch broadcasts every packet to all ports, but a hub sends packets only to the destination port.
  2. B.A switch sends packets to a specific destination device, whereas a hub broadcasts received packets to all connected computers.
  3. C.A switch only uses light signals, whereas a hub only uses radio signals.
  4. D.A switch is an end device, whereas a hub is a communication protocol.
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B A switch sends packets to a specific destination device, whereas a hub broadcasts received packets to all connected computers.

Sababa

A switch is intelligent and learns device addresses to forward packets to specific destination ports. A hub simply broadcasts all incoming packets to every connected device except the sender.

Gaaffii 10

Which device is designed to interconnect dissimilar networks simultaneously and uses a routing table to choose the best path for data?

  1. A.Router
  2. B.Network Interface Card
  3. C.Repeater
  4. D.Switch
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Router

Sababa

A router connects different networks and uses its routing table to determine the best path for forwarding data packets to their destination.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 2

Boqonnaan 2 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 37 hanga fuula 71 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 251

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Teeknooloojii Odeeffannoo kutaa 9 hunda

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