Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 4 Fiizikii kutaa 9: Humna, Hojii, Inarjii fi Paawarii

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 4 kitaaba Fiizikii kutaa 9 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

5
Kaardii: 10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 4: 60–81
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 4

Boqonnaan 4 maal haguuga

1.The Concept of Force
2.Newton's Laws of Motion
3.Forces of Friction
4.The Concept of Work
5.Kinetic and Potential Energies
6.Power

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 4

Kaardiiwwan fuula Fiizikii kutaa 9 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Gravitational Potential EnergyFoormulaa

E_p = m g h

E_p = m g h

$E_p$: Inarjii kuusaa harkisaa $\text{J}$
$m$: Hamma maatarii $\text{kg}$
$g$: Saffisiisa harkisa lafaa $\text{m}\,\text{s}^{-2}$
$h$: Olka'iinsa $\text{m}$

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Energy kuufamaa qaamni tokko lafa irraa olka'iinsa irratti qabu baruuf fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Olka'iinsi h fageenya vertical qofa, dheerina daandii dacha'aa miti.

Grade 9 Physics, fuula 60-81 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Kinetic EnergyFoormulaa

E_k = \frac{1}{2} m v^2

E_k = \frac{1}{2} m v^2

$E_k$: Inarjii sochii $\text{J}$
$m$: Hamma maatarii $\text{kg}$
$v$: Saffisa $\text{m}\,\text{s}^{-1}$

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Energy qaamni tokko sochii isaatiin qabu herreguuf kanatti fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Speed v qofa isquweerii godhi, mass miti. Speed dachaa yoo ta'e kinetic energy dachaa afur ta'a.

Grade 9 Physics, fuula 60-81 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Newton's Second LawFoormulaa

F = m a

F = m a

$F$: Humna bu'a-qabeessa $\text{N}$
$m$: Hamma maatarii $\text{kg}$
$a$: Saffisiisa $\text{m}\,\text{s}^{-2}$

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Acceleration, net force yookiin mass qaama socho'u tokkoo herreguuf kanatti fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Mass yeroo hunda gara kg jijjiiramuu qaba. Acceleration kan fidu unbalanced force qofa.

Grade 9 Physics, fuula 60-81 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

PowerFoormulaa

P = \frac{W}{t}

P = \frac{W}{t}

$P$: Humnawaa $\text{W}$
$W$: Hojii hojjetame yookiin inarjii darbe $\text{J}$
$t$: Yeroo fudhate $\text{s}$

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Saffisa work itti hojjetame yookiin energy itti daddarbu herreguuf kanatti fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Yeroon t hiruun dura gara seconds jijjiiramuu qaba. Watt tokko joule per second tokko.

Grade 9 Physics, fuula 60-81 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Work DoneFoormulaa

W = F_{\parallel} S

W = F_{\parallel} S

$W$: Hojii $\text{J}$
$F_{\parallel}$: Humna kallattii qaxxaamuraatiin jiru $\text{N}$
$S$: Qaxxaamura $\text{m}$

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Humni tokko kallattii displacement irratti yeroo qaama tokko sochoosu work hojjetame herreguuf fayyadami.

Of eeggadhu

Wanta tokko baattanii dirree diriiraa irra deemuun gravity irratti work hin hojjetu, sababiin isaas humna fi displacement perpendicular dha.

Grade 9 Physics, fuula 60-81 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 4

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?

A.Friction force
B.Normal force
C.Gravitational force
D.Spring force

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C Gravitational force

Sababa

Non-contact forces act without physical contact between objects. Gravitational force and magnetic force are non-contact forces, while friction, normal, and spring forces require direct physical contact.

Gaaffii 2

Which property of matter is measured directly by its mass?

A.Velocity
B.Inertia
C.Weight
D.Acceleration

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B Inertia

Sababa

According to Newton's first law, mass is a measure of inertia. Objects with larger masses have larger inertia and resist changes to their state of motion more strongly.

Gaaffii 3

The SI unit of power is the watt (W). What is 1 watt equal to?

A.1 Joule per second (1 J/s)
B.1 Newton per meter (1 N/m)
C.1 Joule meter (1 J m)
D.1 Newton second (1 N s)

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A 1 Joule per second (1 J/s)

Sababa

Power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred (P = E / t). Therefore, 1 W = 1 J/s.

Gaaffii 4

In physics, in which of the following situations is mechanical work done on an object?

A.A student holds a heavy chair stationary in the air for five minutes.
B.A student carries a bucket of water horizontally at constant velocity.
C.A student pushes a stationary concrete wall for one hour.
D.A student lifts a heavy box vertically from the floor to a table.

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: D A student lifts a heavy box vertically from the floor to a table.

Sababa

Work is done only when a force causes a displacement of the object in the direction of the force. Lifting a box vertically applies an upward force that moves the box upward.

Gaaffii 5

A net horizontal force of 80 N acts on a 20 kg block on a smooth floor in Addis Ababa. What is the acceleration of the block?

A.0.25 m/s²
B.4 m/s²
C.60 m/s²
D.1600 m/s²

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 4 m/s²

Sababa

From Newton's second law, F = ma, so acceleration is a = F / m = 80 N / 20 kg = 4 m/s².

Gaaffii 6

A farmer pushes a sack of teff across a horizontal store floor with a force of 50 N through a displacement of 8 m in the direction of the force. How much work is done?

A.6.25 J
B.42 J
C.400 J
D.4000 J

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C 400 J

Sababa

Work is given by W = F * S = 50 N * 8 m = 400 J.

Gaaffii 7

A ball of mass 0.5 kg is thrown at a speed of 6 m/s across a field in Hawassa. What is its kinetic energy?

A.1.5 J
B.3 J
C.9 J
D.18 J

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C 9 J

Sababa

Kinetic energy is calculated using E_k = (1/2) * m * v² = 0.5 * 0.5 kg * (6 m/s)² = 0.25 * 36 = 9 J.

Gaaffii 8

A stone of mass 10 kg is placed on the roof of a house at a height of 15 m above the ground. Taking g = 10 m/s², what is its gravitational potential energy?

A.150 J
B.1500 J
C.2500 J
D.15000 J

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 1500 J

Sababa

Gravitational potential energy is given by E_p = m * g * h = 10 kg * 10 m/s² * 15 m = 1500 J.

Gaaffii 9

A water pump in Bahir Dar lifts 300 kg of water through a vertical height of 6 m in 10 seconds. Taking g = 10 m/s², what is the power developed by the pump?

A.180 W
B.500 W
C.1800 W
D.18000 W

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: C 1800 W

Sababa

The potential energy given to the water is E_p = m * g * h = 300 kg * 10 m/s² * 6 m = 18000 J. Power is P = E_p / t = 18000 J / 10 s = 1800 W.

Gaaffii 10

How fast must an object of mass 2 kg move in order to have a kinetic energy of 64 J?

A.4 m/s
B.8 m/s
C.16 m/s
D.64 m/s

Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: B 8 m/s

Sababa

From E_k = (1/2) * m * v², we get v² = (2 * E_k) / m = (2 * 64 J) / 2 kg = 64 m²/s². Taking the square root gives v = 8 m/s.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 4

Boqonnaan 4 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 60 hanga fuula 81 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 179

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Yaadannoo gabaabaa Fiizikii kutaa 9 hunda

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