የ12ኛ ክፍል ውጤት ወጥቷል፤ ውጤትዎን የሚያዩበት መንገድ

የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

የ11ኛ ክፍል ኢኮኖሚክስ ምዕራፍ 7፦ የኢትዮጵያ ዋና ዋና ዘርፎች፣ ፖሊሲዎች እና ስትራቴጂዎች

በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ11ኛ ክፍል የኢኮኖሚክስ መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 7 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።

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የምዕራፍ 7 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

ምዕራፍ 7 የሚሸፍነው

  1. 1.Overview of Agricultural Policies and Strategies
  2. 2.Uni-modal Agricultural Strategy
  3. 3.Bi-Modal Agricultural Strategy
  4. 4.Overview of Agricultural Policies and Strategies of Ethiopia
  5. 5.Specific Policies and Strategies of the Agricultural Sector
  6. 6.Problems of the Agricultural Sector
  7. 7.Specific Policies and Strategies of the Industrial Sector
  8. 8.The Imperial Regime (pre-1974)
  9. 9.The Derg Regime (1974-91)
  10. 10.The Post-1991 Regime
  11. 11.Possible Remedies for the problems of Industrial Sector
  12. 12.The Service Sector Policies and Strategies in Ethiopia
  13. 13.Education Sector Policies and Strategies
  14. 14.The Health Sector Policies and Strategies
  15. 15.The Transport Sector
  16. 16.The Tourism Sector

የምዕራፍ 7 አጭር ማስታወሻዎች

በ11ኛ ክፍል የኢኮኖሚክስ ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ከ1983 ወዲህ በኢትዮጵያ ግብርና እና ኢንዱስትሪን የሚያስተሳስረውን መሠረታዊ የልማት ማዕቀፍ ለማብራራት ይጠቀሙበት ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ADLI ግብርናን እንደ ተከታይ ሳይሆን ለሰው ኃይል ተኮር ኢንዱስትሪዎች የጥሬ ዕቃና የገበያ መሠረት የሚሆን ቀዳሚ መሪ ዘርፍ አድርጎ ይመለከተዋል ።

ከGrade 11 Economics፣ ከገጽ 168 ጀምሮ የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

በንጉሠ ነገሥቱ ዘመን የተተገበሩትን የግብርና ኤክስቴንሽን ፓኬጅ ልዩነቶችን ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት ።

ይጠንቀቁ

አጠቃላይ የጥቅል ፕሮጀክቶች (CADU, WADU) ውድ በመሆናቸው በመላ አገሪቱ መተግበር አልተቻለም፤ አነስተኛ የጥቅል ፕሮግራሞች የተጀመሩት ወጪን ለመቀነስና ሰፋ ያለ ቦታን ለመሸፈን ተብሎ በኋላ ላይ ነው ።

ከGrade 11 Economics፣ ከገጽ 168 ጀምሮ የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

ሥርዓተ መንግሥትየግብርና ዘርፍ ስትራቴጂየኢንዱስትሪ ዘርፍ ስትራቴጂ
ኢምፔሪያል (ከ1974 በፊት)የንግድ እርሻዎች፣ የጥቅል ፕሮጀክቶች (CADU, WADU)ከውጭ የሚገቡ ምርቶችን የሚተኩ ቀላል የፍጆታ ኢንዱስትሪዎች፣ የውጭ ካፒታል
ደርግ (ከ1974 እስከ 1991)የመሬት ብሔራዊ ማድረግ፣ የመንግስት እርሻዎች፣ አስገዳጅ የህብረት ሥራ ማህበራትበማዕከል የታቀደ፣ የመንግስት ባለቤትነት፣ የግል ካፒታል ጣሪያ
ከ1991 በኋላADLI፣ የPADETES ኤክስቴንሽን፣ የገበያ ነፃነትወደ ውጭ ንግድ ያተኮሩ፣ ጉልበት ተኮር ኢንዱስትሪዎች፣ የኢንዱስትሪ ፓርኮች

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

የኢትዮጵያን የግብርና እና የኢንዱስትሪ ፖሊሲዎች ከንጉሠ ነገሥቱ ዘመን ጀምሮ በደርግ እና ከ1983 ወዲህ ያለውን ለውጥ ለማጠቃለል ይጠቀሙበት ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ደርግ የገበያ ማበረታቻዎችን አልተጠቀመም፤ ይልቁንም የዋጋ ቁጥጥር አድርጓል፣ የግል ካፒታልን ገድቧል፣ እንዲሁም ፋብሪካዎችንና የንግድ እርሻዎችን ወደ መንግሥት ይዞታ አዙሯል ።

ከGrade 11 Economics፣ ከገጽ 168 ጀምሮ የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

ባህርይዩኒ ሞዳል ስትራቴጂባይ ሞዳል ስትራቴጂ
ዋና ዒላማየአነስተኛ አርሶ አደር እርሻዎችን ማጠናከር (intensification)Dualistic: አነስተኛ የአርሶ አደር እርሻዎች እና የንግድ እርሻዎች (commercial farms)
የምርት ትኩረትለምግብ ዋስትና የሚሆኑ የምግብ ሰብሎችCommercialization እና ከፍተኛ ዋጋ ያላቸው የኤክስፖርት ሰብሎች
መሬት እና ጉልበትአርሶ አደሮች መሬታቸውን ይይዛሉ, ከመሬት መፈናቀልን ይቀንሳልየመሬት ክምችትን (land concentration) ይፈቅዳል, የአርሶ አደሮች መፈናቀል ስጋት ይፈጥራል
የአገራት ምሳሌዎችJapan, Thailand, ChinaMexico, Colombia

መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት

ዓለም አቀፍ የግብርና ልማት ስትራቴጂዎችንና በአርሶ አደሮች ላይ ያላቸውን ተፅዕኖ ለማነጻጸር ይጠቀሙበታል ።

ይጠንቀቁ

ዩኒ ሞዳል አርሶ አደሮችን ከመፈናቀል የሚጠብቅና የምግብ ዋስትና ላይ የሚያተኩር ሲሆን፤ ባይ ሞዳል ግን ለትላልቅ ንግድ እርሻዎች ቅድሚያ በመስጠት ገበሬዎችን ለመሬት አልባነት ሊያጋልጥ እንደሚችል ልብ ይበሉ ።

ከGrade 11 Economics፣ ከገጽ 168 ጀምሮ የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል

የምዕራፍ 7 የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች

በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።

ጥያቄ 1

What is the central concept of the uni-modal agricultural strategy?

  1. A.Promoting large-scale commercial farming exclusively
  2. B.Achieving agricultural transformation through intensifying small-scale peasant farms
  3. C.Replacing domestic farming with imported agricultural goods
  4. D.Dividing rural producers into capitalists and landless workers
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Achieving agricultural transformation through intensifying small-scale peasant farms

ምክንያቱ

The uni-modal agricultural strategy focuses on transforming agriculture through the intensification of small-scale peasant holdings while protecting farmers from eviction.

ጥያቄ 2

Which comprehensive package project was established in the Chilalo area during the Imperial regime?

  1. A.WADU
  2. B.ADDP
  3. C.CADU
  4. D.PADEP
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C CADU

ምክንያቱ

CADU stands for the Chilalo Agricultural Development Unit, which was established as part of the comprehensive package projects during the Imperial period.

ጥያቄ 3

In which year did the Ethiopian government adopt the Agricultural Development-Led Industrialization (ADLI) strategy?

  1. A.1974
  2. B.1994
  3. C.2003
  4. D.2015
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B 1994

ምክንያቱ

The government adopted the Agricultural Development-Led Industrialization (ADLI) strategy in 1994 to use agriculture as the driving engine for the rest of the economy.

ጥያቄ 4

During the Derg regime, private investment in manufacturing was legally restricted to not exceed what amount?

  1. A.200,000 Birr
  2. B.500,000 Birr
  3. C.1,000,000 Birr
  4. D.5,000,000 Birr
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B 500,000 Birr

ምክንያቱ

Under the military government, private investment was restricted to not exceed half a million Birr (500,000 Birr), and investors could participate in only one venture.

ጥያቄ 5

Why was the minimum package program launched to substitute comprehensive package projects in the pre-1974 period?

  1. A.Comprehensive projects were too costly to duplicate across the entire country
  2. B.Comprehensive projects completely stopped using chemical fertilizers
  3. C.The government wanted to abolish all agricultural extension programs
  4. D.Minimum package projects relied exclusively on foreign investors
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ A Comprehensive projects were too costly to duplicate across the entire country

ምክንያቱ

Comprehensive package projects (like CADU) had very high costs and led to tenant evictions, making them difficult to duplicate nationwide. The minimum package program was launched as a less costly alternative.

ጥያቄ 6

Which agricultural extension system was launched in Ethiopia in 1994/95 to deliver fertilizer, improved seeds, and credit packages to smallholders?

  1. A.PADEP
  2. B.ESDP
  3. C.PADETES
  4. D.PASDEP
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C PADETES

ምክንያቱ

PADETES (Participatory Demonstration and Training Extension System) was launched in 1994/95 to provide modern agricultural inputs, credit, and training to smallholder farmers.

ጥያቄ 7

Which government legislation marked the major deregulation and liberalization of the freight transport industry in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Proclamation No. 107/1976
  2. B.Proclamation No. 14/1992
  3. C.Proclamation No. 200/1995
  4. D.Proclamation No. 199/2003
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Proclamation No. 14/1992

ምክንያቱ

Proclamation No. 14/1992 marked the major liberalization of the Ethiopian freight transport industry, allowing private operators to form independent transport associations.

ጥያቄ 8

Which of the following was explicitly declared as a priority sector for direct government support under the 2003 Industrial Development Strategy (IDS)?

  1. A.Heavy automobile assembly and spacecraft manufacturing
  2. B.Textile and garment, leather, and agro-processing industries
  3. C.Petroleum extraction and refining exclusively
  4. D.Large-scale foreign commercial banking
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Textile and garment, leather, and agro-processing industries

ምክንያቱ

The 2003 Industrial Development Strategy prioritized labor-intensive and export-oriented sectors, including textile and garment, leather and leather products, agro-processing, construction, and micro and small enterprises.

ጥያቄ 9

Which of the following is identified in the textbook as a major limitation of the bi-modal agricultural strategy?

  1. A.It strictly prevents the transfer of modern technology into agriculture
  2. B.It focuses solely on subsistence food crops rather than commercial output
  3. C.It creates social differentiation and promotes the eviction of small peasants
  4. D.It bans private capital and investment in farming
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ C It creates social differentiation and promotes the eviction of small peasants

ምክንያቱ

The bi-modal approach leads to social division between capitalist landowners and landless workers, often depriving smallholders of land and causing tenant evictions.

ጥያቄ 10

Under the Imperial regime, what fiscal incentive was granted to Large-Scale Mechanized Commercial Farms for investments exceeding 200,000 Birr?

  1. A.A complete exemption from electricity bills forever
  2. B.Tax holidays for the first five years
  3. C.Free provision of tractors and combine harvesters
  4. D.Guaranteed grain purchase at double market price
መልሱንና ምክንያቱን ያሳዩ

መልስ፦ B Tax holidays for the first five years

ምክንያቱ

The Imperial government offered tax holidays for the first five years for commercial farm investments exceeding 200,000 Birr, along with low land-use fees and duty-free machinery imports.

መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።

የምዕራፍ 7 የመፅሐፍ ገጾች

ሙሉው የ11ኛ ክፍል የኢኮኖሚክስ መማሪያ መፅሐፍ፣ በነጻ PDF።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም, እንግሊዝኛ, 202 ገጾች

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