Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa
Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 7 kitaaba Jiyoograafii kutaa 9 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.
Kaardiiwwan fuula Jiyoograafii kutaa 9 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Tarsiimowwan biqiltuu dhaabuu mancaatiinsa bosonaa fi biyyoo to'achuuf gargaaran yeroo hiiktutti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Jechoota lameen akka wal fakkaataatti hin fudhatin. Bosona deebisanii misoomsuun (reforestation) lafa duraan bosona turerra biqiltuu dhaabuu dha, bosona haaraa dhaabuun (afforestation) immoo lafa duraan bosona hin turre irratti misooma haaraa uumuudha.
Grade 9 Geography, fuula 186-201 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Gocha Eegumsaa | Akkaataa Hojiirra Oolmaa fi Hiika |
|---|---|
| Terracing | Bishaan qabachuufi dhiqama biyyee hir'isuuf hallayyaa waliin kofa sirriitiin dirree diriiraa ijaaruu |
| Strip cultivation | Bishaaniifi biyyee eeguuf midhaan adda addaa sarara waljijjiirraatiin facaasuu |
| Intercropping | Biyyeen qullaa akka hin taane ittisuuf lafa qonnaa tokko irratti yeroo tokkotti midhaan lamaafi isaa ol oomishuu |
| Contour ploughing | Dhangala'a bishaanii ittisuuf gadiifi ol qotuu dhiisanii hallayyaa qaxxaamuraan qotuu |
| Check dams | Saffisa dhangala'a bishaanii hir'isuuf lolaa bishaanii keessatti hidhaawwan xixiqqoo ijaaruu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Tarkaanfiiwwan qonnaa fi eegumsa biyyoo dhiqama biyyoo ittisuuf gargaaran yeroo adda baastutti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Qonna sarara qaxxaamuraa (contour ploughing) daagaa hojjechuu (terracing) waliin wal hin makin. Qonni sarara qaxxaamuraa tabba qaxxaamuranii qotuu yoo ta'u, daagaan ammoo sadarkaa lafaa tottolchuudha.
Grade 9 Geography, fuula 186-201 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
| Amala | Dhugaa Ijoo fi Galma Tarsiimawaa |
|---|---|
| Jalqabbii initiative | Bara 2019tti Muummicha Ministeeraa Abiy Ahmed tiin kan jalqabame |
| Galma biqiltuu | Waggoota afur keessatti (2020 hanga 2023) biqiltuuwwan 20 billion dhaabuu |
| Kunuunsa dhaabbii boodaa | Biqiltuuwwan akka hafaniif bishaan laachuu, aramaa qulqulleessuu fi bakka buusanii dhaabuu |
| Firiimworkoota qajeelchan | CRGE Strategy, Ten-Year National Forest Sector Development Program, Bamboo Development Strategy |
| Galmawwan ijoo | Climate change loluu, babal'ina gammoojjummaa ittisuu, wabii nyaataa cimsuu, climate resilient green economy ijaaruu |
Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu
Yeroo karoora, yeroo, qabiyyee fi tarsiimowwan duula biqiltuu dhaabuu bioolessaa Itoophiyaa ibsitutti fayyadami.
Of eeggadhu
Duulli kun biqiltuu dhaabuu qofa osoo hin taane kunuunsa erga dhaabanii boodaa kan akka bishaan obasuu, aramaa qulqulleessuu fi bakka buusuu of keessatti qabata.
Grade 9 Geography, fuula 186-201 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e
Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.
Gaaffii 1
According to the textbook, which natural agent is the most serious cause of soil erosion in Ethiopia?
Deebii: B Running water
Sababa
Erosion by running water is identified as the most serious soil degradation problem in Ethiopia.
Gaaffii 2
What is the term for planting trees on land that was not formerly covered with forest?
Deebii: C Afforestation
Sababa
Afforestation means planting trees on land that was not previously forested, while reforestation is planting trees on land that was previously forested.
Gaaffii 3
Ethiopia is the second richest country in Africa in water-resource potential, following which nation?
Deebii: D Democratic Republic of Congo
Sababa
The textbook states that Ethiopia ranks second in Africa for water-resource potential after the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Gaaffii 4
In which year was the Ethiopian Green Legacy Initiative launched by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed?
Deebii: A 2019
Sababa
The Green Legacy Initiative was launched in 2019 as a tree-planting campaign to combat deforestation and climate change.
Gaaffii 5
In which part of Ethiopia is slash-and-burn clearing commonly practiced to prepare land for farming?
Deebii: B Southwestern Ethiopia
Sababa
The textbook specifically notes that slash-and-burn farming to clear forestland is commonly practiced in southwestern Ethiopia.
Gaaffii 6
How much topsoil is washed away from the Ethiopian highlands every year?
Deebii: C About 1.9 billion tons
Sababa
In Ethiopia, approximately 1.9 billion tons of fertile topsoil are eroded and washed away from the highlands annually.
Gaaffii 7
What is the name of the bad farming practice that involves planting an area too densely, using up nutrients too quickly?
Deebii: A Overcropping
Sababa
Overcropping is planting a field too densely, whereas overcultivation refers to tilling the land every single year without rest.
Gaaffii 8
What was the planned target for planting tree seedlings nationwide between 2020 and 2023 under the Green Legacy movement?
Deebii: D 20 billion seedlings
Sababa
The Green Legacy movement planned to plant 20 billion seedlings across Ethiopia over the four-year period from 2020 to 2023.
Gaaffii 9
Which domestic animal is highlighted as particularly damaging to vegetation in overgrazed areas because it destroys plant roots?
Deebii: B Goats
Sababa
The textbook mentions that goats are especially destructive to vegetative cover because they consume all parts of plants, including the roots.
Gaaffii 10
Which two Ethiopian highland lakes are cited in the textbook as disappearing or on the verge of disappearance?
Deebii: B Lake Haromaya and Lake Cheleklektu
Sababa
Lake Haromaya (in Hararghe) and Lake Cheleklektu (in Bishoftu) are given as examples of lakes disappearing due to environmental stress.
Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.
Boqonnaan 7 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 186 hanga fuula 201 ti.
Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 247
Temari boqonnaa kana gara shaakala yeroon daangeffametti jijjiira; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa; wanti si hin galinis barsiisaa AI tiin ni ibsama.
Bilisaan jalqabi
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