የምዕራፍ ማስታወሻዎችና የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች
በዚህ ገጽ ያለው ሁሉ ለ12ኛ ክፍል የግብርና መፅሐፍ ምዕራፍ 2 ነው፦ ምዕራፉ የሚሸፍነው፣ አጭር ማስታወሻዎቹ፣ የመልመጃ ጥያቄዎች ከመልሶቻቸው ጋር፣ እና ቪዲዮ ባለበት የትምህርቱ ቪዲዮ።
በ12ኛ ክፍል የግብርና ገጽ ላይ በዚህ ምዕራፍ ሥር የተመዘገቡት ካርዶች። አንድ በአንድ ይክፈቱ።
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
የቀዝቃዛ ሙቀት ተፅእኖን በሞቃታማ እና በደጋማ ፍራፍሬዎች ላይ ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።
ይጠንቀቁ
Chilling injuryን ከChilling requirement ጋር አያምታቱ። Chilling injury በሞቃታማ ፍራፍሬዎች ላይ በቅዝቃዜ የሚደርስ ጉዳት ሲሆን፥ Chilling requirement ግን ለደጋማ ፍራፍሬዎች የዕንቡጥ እድገት የሚያስፈልግ ጠቃሚ ቅዝቃዜ ነው።
ከGrade 12 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 22-45 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
| ምድብ | የመብሰል Respiration መጠን | የEthylene ሚና | ምሳሌዎች |
|---|---|---|---|
| Climacteric | በ respiration ላይ የታየ ጉልህ ጭማሪ | የ ripening ዋነኛ ቀስቃሽ እና አስተባባሪ | ቲማቲም, ፖም, ፒር, ሜሎን |
| Non-climacteric | ከ ethylene ጋር የተያያዘ የ respiratory peak የለውም | የ ripening signaling pathway የለም | ወይን, ብርቱካን, አናናስ |
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
ፍራፍሬዎችን በአተነፋፈስ መጠን እና በማብሰል ሂደታቸው ለመለየት ይጠቀሙበት።
ይጠንቀቁ
እንደ ብርቱካን እና ወይን ያሉ Non-climacteric ፍራፍሬዎች ከተሰበሰቡ በኋላ በኤትሊን አማካኝነት አይበስሉም።
ከGrade 12 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 22-45 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
በGrafting የመራቢያ ዘዴ ወቅት የሚከናወኑ ዋና ዋና ቅድመ ሁኔታዎችን ለመገምገም ይጠቀሙበት።
ይጠንቀቁ
የScion እና የStock የCambial ክፍሎች ካልተነካኩ ወይም የተቆረጡ ቦታዎች እንዳይደርቁ በሰም ካልታሸጉ ውህደቱ አይሳካም።
ከGrade 12 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 22-45 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
መቼ እንደሚጠቀሙበት
በችግኝ ማፍያ ጣቢያ ውስጥ ለፖሊቲን ቦርሳዎች እና ለዘር አልጋዎች የአፈር ድብልቅ ሲዘጋጅ ይጠቀሙበት።
ይጠንቀቁ
እኩል መጠን አይቀላቅሉ። የመማሪያ መጽሐፉ ትክክለኛ የችግኝ አፈር ውህድ 2:1:1 ለForest soil, Sand እና Farm yard manure በቅደም ተከተል ነው።
ከGrade 12 Agriculture፣ ገጽ 22-45 የተዘጋጀ፤ ከመውጣቱ በፊት ሁለት ጊዜ ተረጋግጧል
በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ የተጻፉ 10 የምርጫ ጥያቄዎች፣ እያንዳንዳቸው መልሱና ምክንያቱ አላቸው። መልሱን ከመክፈትዎ በፊት ይሞክሩ። ጥያቄዎቹ በእንግሊዝኛ ናቸው።
ጥያቄ 1
According to the textbook, what is an orchard?
መልስ፦ A A farmland allocated for growing fruit crops
ምክንያቱ
The textbook defines an orchard as a farm land allocated for growing fruit crops.
ጥያቄ 2
Which of the following is classified as an aggregate fruit?
መልስ፦ B Strawberry
ምክንያቱ
An aggregate fruit develops from a single flower with many mature ovaries (fruitlets) on a single receptacle. Strawberry is the example given in the textbook.
ጥያቄ 3
Which category of fruit crops requires a cold winter season as well as a summer growing season and can survive temperatures well below freezing?
መልስ፦ C Temperate fruits
ምክንያቱ
Temperate fruits (such as apples, cherries, and peaches) require a cold winter and can survive temperatures considerably below freezing.
ጥያቄ 4
What is the recommended ratio of forest soil, sand, and farm yard manure used in nursery soil mixtures?
መልስ፦ B 2:1:1
ምክንያቱ
The textbook specifies that nursery soil mixtures of forest soil, sand, and farm yard manure are usually mixed in the ratio of 2:1:1, respectively.
ጥያቄ 5
In the Ethiopian highlands where cultivated fruit supplies have historically been low, which indigenous wild fruits are commonly collected and eaten by children?
መልስ፦ B Agam, Kega, Shola, and Koshim
ምክንያቱ
The textbook notes that in the Ethiopian highlands, children collect and consume indigenous wild fruits such as 'Agam', 'Kega', 'Shola', and 'Koshim'.
ጥያቄ 6
How are climacteric fruits (such as apples and tomatoes) distinguished from non-climacteric fruits during ripening?
መልስ፦ A They show an increase in respiration and ethylene production during ripening.
ምክንያቱ
Climacteric fruits are characterized by a ripening-associated increase in respiration and ethylene production, which triggers the ripening process.
ጥያቄ 7
When preparing stem cuttings for vegetative propagation, what is the recommended length of the cutting?
መልስ፦ B At least 15 cm but not longer than 30 cm
ምክንያቱ
According to the basic cutting technique described in the text, stem cuttings should be at least 15 cm long but not longer than 30 cm.
ጥያቄ 8
For grafting to be successful, which tissue layer of the scion and the rootstock must be placed in intimate contact?
መልስ፦ A The cambial region
ምክንያቱ
The cambial regions of the scion and stock contain actively dividing cells and must be in intimate contact for the graft union to heal and grow.
ጥያቄ 9
When digging and preparing an 80 to 100 cm deep planting hole in an orchard, what is the proper way to handle and place the soil?
መልስ፦ B Keep topsoil and subsoil separate, mix topsoil with organic matter, and fill the hole to the 40 to 50 cm mark.
ምክንያቱ
Topsoil and subsoil should be kept on separate sides because topsoil is better quality. The topsoil is mixed with organic matter (like manure or coffee husk) and used to fill the hole to the 40 to 50 cm mark of the 80 to 100 cm depth.
ጥያቄ 10
According to the orchard spacing table in the textbook, which fruit crop requires a permanent spacing of 10 m by 10 m, resulting in 100 trees per hectare?
መልስ፦ B Mango
ምክንያቱ
Table 2.1 lists Mango with a permanent spacing of 10 x 10 m and a population of 100 trees per hectare.
መተግበሪያው በዚህ ምዕራፍ ላይ 12 ጥያቄዎች አሉት፤ እየሠሩ ያርምዎታል። እዚህ ያሉት የመጀመሪያዎቹ 10 ናቸው።
ምዕራፍ 2 በየትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እትም ከገጽ 21 እስከ ገጽ 44 ይደርሳል።
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