Bu'aan kutaa 12ffaa ba'eera; bu'aa kee eessatti akka ilaaltu

Yaadannoo boqonnaa fi gaaffii shaakalaa

Boqonnaa 3 Qonna kutaa 12: Hiika Jechootaa

Wanti fuula kana irra jiru hundi boqonnaa 3 kitaaba Qonna kutaa 12 tiif: wanta boqonnaan haguugu, yaadannoo gabaabaa, gaaffii shaakalaa deebii isaanii waliin, fi viidiyoo barnootaa bakka jirutti.

Google Play irraa buufadhaa
3
Kaardii
10
Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 3
45–59
Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 3

Boqonnaan 3 maal haguuga

  1. 1.Definition of terms
  2. 2.Classification of root and tuber crops
  3. 3.Importance of root and tuber crops
  4. 4.Prospects of root and tuber crops production
  5. 5.Problems of root and tuber crops production
  6. 6.Harvesting and post-harvest handling of root

Yaadannoo gabaabaa boqonnaa 3

Kaardiiwwan fuula Qonna kutaa 12 irratti boqonnaa kana jala galmaa'an. Tokko tokkoon bani.

Kutaa MaddaaBiqiltoota Hammataman
Dhalootaan kan Itoophiyaa (Indigenous to Ethiopia)Enset (warqee), anchote (ancotee), Ethiopian potato (dinicha Itoophiyaa), yam
Biyya alaarraa kan galan (Exotic / Introduced)Taro (godarree), tannia, cassava, potato (dinicha), sweet potato (dinicha mi'aawaa)

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Biqiltoota hundee fi qotiyyoo Itoophiyaa keessaa madda lafaatiin adda qooduuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Dinnichi, bakkannisi fi kaasaavaan baay'inaan Itoophiyaa keessatti kan biqlan ta'us biqiltoota alaa malee kan dhalootaa miti.

Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 46-61 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

BiqiltuuBiriitollee IjooDhibeewwan Ijoo
DinnichaTuber moth, aphids, leaf minersLate blight, bacterial wilt, virus
Dinnicha sukkaaraaWeevil, butterfly, hornwormDhukkuboota viral diseases
KasaavaaGreen mite, red spider miteCassava mosaic virus

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Itoophiyaa keessatti miidhamtoota fi dhibeewwan oomisha biqiltoota hundee hir'isan adda baasuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Late blight dhibee dinicha mancaasu isa guddaadha, weevil immoo bakkannisa irratti miidhaa olaanaa geessisa.

Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 46-61 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Yoom akka itti fayyadamtu

Sababoota fiiziyoloojii miidhaa miti-omishaa biqiltoota hundee kan midhaan dhedheeroo waliin walbira qabuuf itti fayyadamaa.

Of eeggadhu

Kuusaa biqiltoota hundee akka midhaan calallitti hin ilaalinaa. Midhaan calallii keessatti mancaatiin irra caalaa miidhamtoota alaan yoo ta'u, biqiltoota hundee keessatti immoo dhangala'aa olaanaa, hargansuu fi buqqa'uu keessootiin dhufa.

Grade 12 Agriculture, fuula 46-61 irraa qophaa'e; osoo hin ba'in dura yeroo lama mirkanaa'e

Gaaffii shaakalaa boqonnaa 3

Gaaffii filannoo 10 boqonnaa kana irratti barreeffaman, tokkoon tokkoon isaanii deebii fi sababa qabu. Deebii banuu dura yaali. Gaaffiin kun Ingiliffaa tiin.

Gaaffii 1

According to the textbook, what is a tuber crop?

  1. A.A crop with swollen underground stems and roots
  2. B.A cereal crop grown exclusively for dry grain
  3. C.A tree crop that bears fleshy fruits
  4. D.A leafy green vegetable harvested for foliage
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A A crop with swollen underground stems and roots

Sababa

The textbook defines tuber crops as crops with swollen underground stems and roots, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, and yams.

Gaaffii 2

Which of the following plants develops a thickened secondary root, known as a tuberous root?

  1. A.Sweet potato
  2. B.Carrot
  3. C.Sugar beet
  4. D.Parsnip
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Sweet potato

Sababa

A tuberous root is a thickened secondary root, as seen in sweet potato and cassava. In contrast, carrot and sugar beet develop fleshy primary roots.

Gaaffii 3

Which of the following is classified as an indigenous root and tuber crop in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Anchote
  2. B.Taro
  3. C.Tania
  4. D.Cassava
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Anchote

Sababa

The major indigenous root and tuber crops found in Ethiopia are enset, anchote, Ethiopian potato, and yams. Taro, tania, and cassava are exotic species.

Gaaffii 4

What is the single most important factor affecting the rate of respiration in stored root and tuber crops?

  1. A.Temperature
  2. B.Soil pH
  3. C.Container color
  4. D.Seed coat thickness
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Temperature

Sababa

Temperature is the single most important factor affecting respiration rate, sprout growth, and the development of rotting micro-organisms during storage.

Gaaffii 5

Which root crop is considered an insurance crop and food security crop because it can be grown year-round under suitable climatic conditions?

  1. A.Sweet potato
  2. B.Taro
  3. C.White yam
  4. D.Sugar beet
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Sweet potato

Sababa

Sweet potato can be grown all year round under suitable conditions, making it an insurance crop and a vital food security crop in drought-prone areas.

Gaaffii 6

Which disease represents the most serious threat to increased potato production in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Late blight
  2. B.Coffee berry disease
  3. C.Stem rust
  4. D.Powdery mildew
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Late blight

Sababa

The textbook highlights late blight as the most serious disease threat to increasing potato production in Ethiopia.

Gaaffii 7

Approximately what percentage of Ethiopia is covered with natural water bodies (lakes and rivers) that facilitate root and tuber production via irrigation?

  1. A.0.7%
  2. B.5.0%
  3. C.12.5%
  4. D.23.0%
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A 0.7%

Sababa

About 0.7% of Ethiopia is covered by natural water bodies, which enhances the potential for irrigated root and tuber crop production.

Gaaffii 8

What is a key botanical difference between rhizomes and roots?

  1. A.Rhizomes are horizontal underground stems that produce shoots and roots from nodes
  2. B.Rhizomes grow only vertically and lack nodes
  3. C.Rhizomes develop directly from enlarged taproots
  4. D.Rhizomes are found only above ground on tree branches
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Rhizomes are horizontal underground stems that produce shoots and roots from nodes

Sababa

Rhizomes are stems that grow horizontally underground and send out new stems and roots from their nodes.

Gaaffii 9

Which insect pests are specifically identified as major threats to sweet potato production in Ethiopia?

  1. A.Weevil and butterfly
  2. B.Tuber moth and aphid
  3. C.Green mite and red spider mite
  4. D.Leaf miner and stalk borer
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Weevil and butterfly

Sababa

The textbook specifically lists weevil and butterfly as major insect pests that hamper sweet potato productivity.

Gaaffii 10

Unlike cereal grains whose storage losses are mainly caused by external factors, root and tuber losses in storage are primarily caused by:

  1. A.Physiological disorders, moisture loss, and microbial spoilage
  2. B.Rapid loss of fat content and grain hardening
  3. C.Sudden germination of woody seed coats
  4. D.Immediate insect hollow feeding only
Deebii fi sababa agarsiisi

Deebii: A Physiological disorders, moisture loss, and microbial spoilage

Sababa

Root and tuber crops have higher moisture content and metabolic activity, so storage losses are primarily driven by physiological disorders, water loss, and microbial spoilage.

Appiin boqonnaa kana irratti gaaffii 12 qaba; utuu hojjettuu ni sirreessa. Kan asii jiran 10 jalqabaa ti.

Fuula kitaabaa boqonnaa 3

Boqonnaan 3 Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa keessatti fuula 45 hanga fuula 59 ti.

Maxxansa Ministeera Barnootaa, Ingiliffaa, Fuula 302

PDF buufadhaa

Yaadannoo gabaabaa Qonna kutaa 12 hunda

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