Is there a national exam in Grade 11?

No. Ethiopia sets national exams in Grade 6, Grade 8 and Grade 12 only. These cards are for your school's own exams, and for the national exam that comes a few years later.

Where do these cards come from?

They are written against the Ministry of Education textbook for Grade 11 Physics, and every formula, constant and table row is checked again before a card goes up.

Yes. Every card here is free to read and the printable sheet is free to download. Neither needs an account.

When was this last checked?

6 September 2026. Cards arrive chapter by chapter, and the line under each one says when that card was last read through.

Free short notes and revision cards

Grade 11 Physics

Grade 11 Physics on Temari has 8 revision cards, arranged by the chapters of the Ethiopian national curriculum. Every card says when the rule applies, what each symbol in it stands for, and the mistake students most often make with it. They are free to read and need no account.

8
Cards: 7
Reference tables: Free
Price: 6 September 2026
Last checked

Across the whole subject

Choosing the right equation of motionReference tablev = u + at · s = ut + 1/2at^2 · v^2 = u^2 + 2as · +1

Equation	The quantity it leaves out	Reach for it when
$v = u + at$	$s$	no distance is given or wanted
$s = ut + \tfrac{1}{2}at^{2}$	$v$	the final velocity is unknown
$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as$	$t$	no time is given or wanted
$s = \left(\dfrac{u+v}{2}\right)t$	$a$	the acceleration is unknown

When you use it

Use for any body moving in a straight line with constant acceleration. List what the question gives you, spot the quantity it never mentions, and take the equation that leaves that quantity out.

Watch out

All four hold only while the acceleration stays constant. A body on a curve, or one whose acceleration changes, needs calculus instead. Take displacement, velocity and acceleration as positive in one direction and negative in the other, or a body thrown upwards gives an answer with the wrong sign.

Newton's laws and momentumReference tableNet force on a mass · Force from momentum · Action and reaction · +3

What you are finding	Formula	Conditions it holds under
Net force on a mass	$F_{net} = ma$	mass constant, $F$ the resultant
Force from momentum	$F_{net} = \dfrac{\Delta p}{\Delta t}$	holds even when mass changes
Action and reaction	$F_{12} = -F_{21}$	always, on two different bodies
Linear momentum	$p = mv$	a vector, along the velocity
Impulse	$J = F\,\Delta t = \Delta p$	constant force over $\Delta t$
Weight	$W = mg$	$g$ is local, not a constant of nature

When you use it

Use when a question asks what a force does to a body: how fast it speeds up, how hard two bodies push on each other, or what a collision leaves behind. Momentum is conserved in every collision; kinetic energy is conserved only in an elastic one.

Watch out

The two forces of the third law act on two different bodies, so they never cancel each other out. Students subtract them from one another and get zero acceleration for a book resting on a table, when the pair that actually balances is the table's push and the Earth's pull, both acting on the book.

Work, energy and powerReference tableWork by a constant force · Kinetic energy · Gravitational potential energy · +4

What you are finding	Formula	Conditions it holds under
Work by a constant force	$W = Fs\cos\theta$	$\theta$ between force and displacement
Kinetic energy	$KE = \tfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}$	speeds well below light speed
Gravitational potential energy	$PE = mgh$	near the ground, $g$ uniform
Work and energy theorem	$W_{net} = \Delta KE$	always, for any net force
Average power	$P = \dfrac{W}{t}$	work done over a whole interval
Instantaneous power	$P = Fv\cos\theta$	at one moment
Efficiency	$\eta = \dfrac{\text{useful output}}{\text{total input}}$	never greater than 1

When you use it

Use when a question gives you distances and speeds but no time, or asks how much fuel, food or electricity a job costs. The work and energy theorem is often a shortcut past the equations of motion, because it never asks how long anything took.

Watch out

A force at right angles to the motion does no work at all, so the tension in a string swinging a stone in a circle adds no energy however fast it goes. The cosine is what carries this, and dropping it is the commonest lost mark in the topic.

Turning motion read off straight line motionReference tables · v = s/t · a · +4

Straight line	Turning	What changes
$s$	$\theta$	metres become radians
$v = \dfrac{s}{t}$	$\omega = \dfrac{\theta}{t}$	$v = r\omega$
$a$	$\alpha$	$a = r\alpha$
$m$	$I = \sum mr^{2}$	mass becomes moment of inertia
$F = ma$	$\tau = I\alpha$	force becomes torque
$p = mv$	$L = I\omega$	momentum becomes angular momentum
$KE = \tfrac{1}{2}mv^{2}$	$KE = \tfrac{1}{2}I\omega^{2}$	the same energy, counted round an axis

When you use it

Use when a wheel, a disc or a rod turns about a fixed axis. Every equation you already know for straight line motion has a turning twin, so solve the rotating problem by writing the straight line one and swapping each quantity for its partner in this table.

Watch out

The angle must be in radians before any of the links between the two columns holds. A question given in degrees or in revolutions per minute has to be converted first, and forgetting that is what makes an answer come out a factor of 57 too large.

Moment of inertia of common bodiesReference tableThin rod, length L · Hoop or thin ring, radius r · Solid disc or cylinder, radius r · +2

Body	Axis	Moment of inertia
Thin rod, length $L$	through the centre, across the rod	$\tfrac{1}{12}mL^{2}$
Thin rod, length $L$	through one end, across the rod	$\tfrac{1}{3}mL^{2}$
Hoop or thin ring, radius $r$	through the centre, along the axis	$mr^{2}$
Solid disc or cylinder, radius $r$	through the centre, along the axis	$\tfrac{1}{2}mr^{2}$
Solid sphere, radius $r$	through a diameter	$\tfrac{2}{5}mr^{2}$
Hollow sphere, radius $r$	through a diameter	$\tfrac{2}{3}mr^{2}$

When you use it

Use whenever a torque question needs a number for I, or when two bodies race down a slope and you have to say which reaches the bottom first. The smaller the fraction, the closer the mass sits to the axis and the easier the body is to spin.

Watch out

Each of these belongs to one axis only. The same rod is three times harder to swing about its end than about its middle, and reading the wrong row is the usual error. For any other axis parallel to one of these, add $md^{2}$ , where d is the distance between the two axes.

The two conditions for equilibriumRule

\sum F = 0 \quad \text{and} \quad \sum \tau = 0

\sum F = 0 \quad \text{and} \quad \sum \tau = 0

$\sum F$: the sum of every force on the body, taken direction by direction $\mathrm{N}$
$\sum \tau$: the sum of every turning effect about any one chosen point $\mathrm{N\,m}$

When you use it

Use for a ladder against a wall, a beam on two supports, a signboard on a bracket: anything at rest or moving steadily. Both conditions must hold at once, which is what lets you find two unknown forces from one diagram.

Watch out

The first condition alone is not enough. Two equal and opposite forces applied at different points sum to zero and still spin the body, which is why a steering wheel turns. Take moments about the point where an unknown force acts and that force drops out of the equation, leaving one unknown to solve for.

Fluids at rest and in motionReference tablePressure · Pressure at a depth · Upthrust · +2

What you are finding	Formula	Conditions it holds under
Pressure	$P = \dfrac{F}{A}$	force at right angles to the area
Pressure at a depth	$P = \rho g h$	gauge pressure, fluid at rest
Upthrust	$F_{b} = \rho_{f}\,g\,V_{disp}$	$\rho_{f}$ is the FLUID's density
Flow rate stays equal	$A_{1}v_{1} = A_{2}v_{2}$	one pipe, nothing leaking out
Bernoulli	$P + \tfrac{1}{2}\rho v^{2} + \rho g h = \text{constant}$	steady flow, no viscosity

When you use it

Use for anything floating, sinking, or flowing through a pipe: a dam wall, a hydraulic jack, a boat, water speeding up through a narrow section.

Watch out

The density in the upthrust equation is the fluid's, not the object's, and the volume is the volume pushed aside rather than the whole object. A block half under water displaces half its own volume. Depth pressure also depends on depth alone, so a narrow tube and a wide lake at the same depth read the same.

Stress, strain and Young's modulusReference tableStress · Strain · Young's modulus · +2

What you are finding	Formula	Conditions it holds under
Stress	$\sigma = \dfrac{F}{A}$	force spread over the cross section
Strain	$\epsilon = \dfrac{\Delta L}{L_{0}}$	a ratio, so it has no unit
Young's modulus	$E = \dfrac{\sigma}{\epsilon}$	below the elastic limit only
Extension of a wire	$\Delta L = \dfrac{FL_{0}}{AE}$	same conditions as above
Energy stored	$U = \tfrac{1}{2}F\,\Delta L$	the work the stretch cost

When you use it

Use when a wire, cable or beam is stretched and the question asks how far it gives, how much load it will take, or which of two materials is stiffer.

Watch out

Young's modulus belongs to the material and not to the piece: a thick steel cable and a thin steel wire share one value of E, and it is the area in the equation that makes the thick one stretch less. Past the elastic limit the ratio stops being constant and none of these rows holds any more.

The same subject in other years

An exam paper keeps asking for what the year below taught. Those cards are here too.

Your other Grade 11 subjects

Everything else in this year that has cards so far.

Questions students ask

Is there a national exam in Grade 11?: No. Ethiopia sets national exams in Grade 6, Grade 8 and Grade 12 only. These cards are for your school's own exams, and for the national exam that comes a few years later.
Where do these cards come from?: They are written against the Ministry of Education textbook for Grade 11 Physics, and every formula, constant and table row is checked again before a card goes up.
Is this free?: Yes. Every card here is free to read and the printable sheet is free to download. Neither needs an account.
When was this last checked?: 6 September 2026. Cards arrive chapter by chapter, and the line under each one says when that card was last read through.

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