Grade 12 results are out. Where to check yours

Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 10 History unit 4: Fascist Italian Aggression and Patriotic Resistance

Everything here is for unit 4 of the Grade 10 History textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

Get it on Google Play
2
Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 4
81–110
The textbook pages for unit 4

Start here

The Temari lesson on unit 4

A short video lesson on this chapter, made by Temari. It loads only when you press play.

The League's failure and Germany's lightning war · 4 min · 2 past exam questions worked through

Parts of the lesson

Tap a part to play the lesson from there.

What unit 4 covers

  1. 1.The First World War: Causes and Consequence
  2. 2.The October 1917 Russian Revolution: Causes and Results
  3. 3.The League of Nations
  4. 4.The Worldwide Economic Crisis

Short notes for unit 4

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 10 History page. Open one at a time.

Aggression or AgreementYearKey Aggressor or SignatoriesSignificance in Outbreak of WWII
Invasion of Manchuria1931Militarist JapanJapan withdrew from League of Nations in 1933 after condemnation.
Invasion of Ethiopia1935Fascist Italy (Mussolini)Exposed the failure and sounded the death knell of the League of Nations.
Anschluss and Sudetenland1938Nazi Germany (Hitler), Britain, FranceAnnexed Austria. Munich Deal allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland.
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression PactAugust 1939Germany and USSRSecret agreement to divide Poland, clearing the path for Hitler's invasion.
Invasion of PolandSeptember 1, 1939Nazi Germany (Blitzkrieg)Triggered declarations of war by Britain and France on September 3, launching WWII.

When you use it

Use when ordering the interwar aggressive acts by Axis powers and identifying the immediate trigger of World War II.

Watch out

World War II officially began with the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, not with the 1938 Munich Agreement or earlier territorial annexations.

Drafted from Grade 10 History, pages 69-116, then checked twice before it went up

Alliance or EventMember Countries or LeadersCore Mechanism or Immediate CauseKey Result
Triple Alliance (Central Powers)Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy (1882)Mutual defense pact. Italy defected in 1915.Defeated in WWI. Habsburg and Hohenzollern dynasties collapsed.
Triple Entente (Allied Powers)Britain, France, Russia (1907), later USA (1917)Evolved from 1894 Franco-Russian alliance and 1904 Entente Cordiale.Won WWI. Dictated the Treaty of Versailles (1919) via the Big Four.
Sarajevo AssassinationArchduke Franz Ferdinand, Gavrilo PrincipAssassination on June 28, 1914 in Sarajevo, Bosnia.Immediate cause of WWI. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914.
Russian Revolutions of 1917Tsar Nicholas II, Kerensky, Lenin (Bolsheviks)February: deposed Czar. October: Bolshevik insurrection (Peace, Land, Bread).Established USSR. Russia signed Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918) and exited WWI.

When you use it

Use when distinguishing WWI military blocs, the spark that ignited the war, and the two stages of the 1917 Russian Revolution.

Watch out

Italy began in the Triple Alliance in 1882 but switched to the Triple Entente in 1915, so it ended WWI on the Allied side.

Drafted from Grade 10 History, pages 69-116, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 4

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

What border clash on December 5, 1934, was used by Benito Mussolini as a pretext to invade Ethiopia?

  1. A.The Battle of Maychew
  2. B.The Walawal incident
  3. C.The Battle of Amba Aradom
  4. D.The Battle of Shire
Show the answer and why

Answer: B The Walawal incident

Why

Ethiopian and Italian forces clashed at Walawal in the Ogaden on December 5, 1934, over an ill-defined border between Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland, giving Mussolini his pretext to invade.

Question 2

What was the name of the joint British and Ethiopian force led by Orde Wingate and Daniel Sandford that entered Gojjam with Emperor Haile Selassie in 1941?

  1. A.The Red Army
  2. B.The White Army
  3. C.The Gideon Force
  4. D.The Triple Entente
Show the answer and why

Answer: C The Gideon Force

Why

The Gideon Force was the joint army led by Major General Orde Charles Wingate and Brigadier General Daniel Sandford alongside Emperor Haile Selassie that entered Gojjam in April 1941.

Question 3

Which event served as the immediate cause of the First World War in June 1914?

  1. A.The sinking of American submarines by German U-boats
  2. B.The signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
  3. C.The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo
  4. D.The German invasion of Poland
Show the answer and why

Answer: C The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo

Why

The immediate cause of World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914.

Question 4

On what date did Emperor Haile Selassie re-enter Addis Ababa and officially hoist the Ethiopian flag after the defeat of the Italian occupation?

  1. A.October 3, 1935
  2. B.May 5, 1936
  3. C.February 19, 1937
  4. D.May 5, 1941
Show the answer and why

Answer: D May 5, 1941

Why

Emperor Haile Selassie returned to his capital, Addis Ababa, on May 5, 1941, exactly five years after Marshal Badoglio had entered the city in 1936.

Question 5

Which two young Ethiopians carried out the assassination attempt against Italian Viceroy Rodolfo Graziani on February 19, 1937?

  1. A.Abebe Aregay and Belay Zeleke
  2. B.Moges Asgedom and Abraha Deboch
  3. C.Geresu Duki and Bekele Woya
  4. D.Haile Mariam Mamo and Amoraw Wubineh
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Moges Asgedom and Abraha Deboch

Why

Moges Asgedom and Abraha Deboch threw grenades at Viceroy Graziani on February 19, 1937, severely wounding him and triggering the February Massacre.

Question 6

What was the primary objective of the German Schlieffen Plan at the start of the First World War?

  1. A.To conquer Russia first before attacking France
  2. B.To defeat France quickly through Belgium within six weeks, then turn against Russia
  3. C.To maintain a purely defensive posture on all borders
  4. D.To launch naval attacks across the English Channel
Show the answer and why

Answer: B To defeat France quickly through Belgium within six weeks, then turn against Russia

Why

The Schlieffen Plan proposed attacking France through neutral Belgium to capture Paris in six weeks, avoiding a two-front war before slowly mobilizing Russia could react.

Question 7

Under the Italian administrative division of Italian East Africa (AOI), which city was made the capital of the Oromo and Sidama province?

  1. A.Gondar
  2. B.Asmara
  3. C.Jimma
  4. D.Mogadishu
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Jimma

Why

The Oromo and Sidama division comprised lands in the southwest, and its administrative capital was established at Jimma.

Question 8

How did the second phase of Ethiopian patriotic resistance (after February 1937) differ from the first phase?

  1. A.It was dominated by conventional frontal battles led by European allies.
  2. B.It relied exclusively on urban bombings carried out by foreign mercenaries.
  3. C.It was characterized by guerrilla warfare mostly led by members of the lower nobility.
  4. D.It was led entirely by the League of Nations peacekeeper force.
Show the answer and why

Answer: C It was characterized by guerrilla warfare mostly led by members of the lower nobility.

Why

The first phase of resistance consisted of traditional military engagements led by upper-class nobles, whereas the second phase shifted to rural guerrilla warfare led mostly by the lower nobility.

Question 9

Which Ethiopian commander led the army on the western sector of the northern front at the Battle of Shire during the 1935-1936 war?

  1. A.Ras Emeru Haile-Selassie
  2. B.Ras Mulugeta Yeggezu
  3. C.Ras Seyoum Mengesha
  4. D.Ras Desta Damtew
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Ras Emeru Haile-Selassie

Why

On the northern front, Ras Mulugeta fought on the eastern front (Amba Aradom), Ras Kassa and Ras Seyoum held the centre, and Ras Emeru Haile-Selassie commanded the western front at Shire.

Question 10

What was a major feature of Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP), introduced in Soviet Russia in 1921?

  1. A.Total state confiscation of all small farms and immediate forced collectivization
  2. B.Restoring smaller enterprises to their owners and allowing peasants to sell grain for profit
  3. C.Handing all industrial factories back to foreign corporations
  4. D.Abolishing money and establishing a completely cashless barter system
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Restoring smaller enterprises to their owners and allowing peasants to sell grain for profit

Why

The NEP of 1921 was designed to revive the economy by restoring smaller enterprises to private owners, reviving commerce, and allowing peasants to sell surplus grain for profit.

The app holds 20 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 4

Unit 4 runs from page 81 to page 110 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 243 pages

Download the PDF

All Grade 10 History short notes

Practise this unit in the app

Temari turns this chapter into timed practice and marks it as you go, with an AI tutor to explain anything that did not land.

Start free

Temari.et is also an Android app, free on Google Play.

Get it on Google PlayAbout the Temari app
Sign inCreate your account