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Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 11 Information Technology unit 3: Database Management

Everything here is for unit 3 of the Grade 11 Information Technology textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

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4
Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 3
51–75
The textbook pages for unit 3

What unit 3 covers

  1. 1.Data Management Approaches
  2. 2.Data Model
  3. 3.Creating Relational Database in Microsoft Access

Short notes for unit 3

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 11 Information Technology page. Open one at a time.

FeatureFile-Based ApproachDatabase Approach
Data StorageSeparate isolated filesSingle central repository
Data RedundancyHigh duplication across departmentsControlled and avoided
Data ConsistencyLow, risk of contradictionsHigh, centralized updates
Security and SharingIsolated and program dependentShared via DBMS with user access rights

When you use it

Use when comparing traditional file management limitations with modern DBMS advantages.

Watch out

File-based modifications require changing the application program, whereas DBMS provides data independence.

Drafted from Grade 11 Information Communication Technology, pages 51-75, then checked twice before it went up

When you use it

Use when defining unique row identifiers or creating navigational links between related tables.

Watch out

A foreign key in a child table must match the data type and values of the primary key in the related parent table.

Drafted from Grade 11 Information Communication Technology, pages 51-75, then checked twice before it went up

When you use it

Use when filtering records using specific conditions in MS Access Query Design.

Watch out

The criteria value must match the exact format stored in the table. Typing Male when the table uses the abbreviation M returns zero results.

Drafted from Grade 11 Information Communication Technology, pages 51-75, then checked twice before it went up

ConceptRelational DatabaseERD Representation
EntityTableRectangle
AttributeField (Column)Ellipse
Tuple (Record)RowInstance
RelationshipForeign Key LinkLine

When you use it

Use when converting an Entity Relationship Diagram into relational database tables or identifying table components.

Watch out

Do not confuse records (tuples/rows) with attributes (fields/columns).

Drafted from Grade 11 Information Communication Technology, pages 51-75, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 3

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

Which of these best defines a database?

  1. A.A single file that stores only text
  2. B.A collection of logically related data
  3. C.A program that users run to make reports
  4. D.A drawing that shows entities as rectangles
Show the answer and why

Answer: B A collection of logically related data

Why

The chapter says a database is a collection of logically related data. It stores all of an organization's data in one repository. The other options describe files, programs or diagrams, not a database.

Question 2

A clerk at a supermarket in Bahir Dar wants to add a new sale record, change the price of an item, and delete an old record. Which software is used to do these tasks?

  1. A.DBMS
  2. B.ERD
  3. C.Data model
  4. D.Relation
Show the answer and why

Answer: A DBMS

Why

A DBMS (database management system) is software that manages databases. It is used to add new data, modify data, delete data and retrieve data. An ERD and a data model are design tools, and a relation is a table.

Question 3

In a file-based system, the HR department updates an employee's address, but the Finance department keeps the old address. Which problem does this show?

  1. A.Data independence
  2. B.Data inconsistency
  3. C.Data sharing
  4. D.Improved data security
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Data inconsistency

Why

The chapter explains that file-based systems cause data inconsistency. Different departments hold different information about the same employee because their files are not linked. Data independence, data sharing and improved security are advantages of the database approach, not problems of the file-based approach.

Question 4

A school database does not need to store data about traffic accidents. What is the main reason?

  1. A.Traffic accident data is always stored in a different country
  2. B.Traffic accident data cannot be stored in a database
  3. C.Traffic accident data has no relevance to the school's day-to-day activities
  4. D.Traffic accident data is too large for a school computer
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Traffic accident data has no relevance to the school's day-to-day activities

Why

A data model is the blueprint of a database. It specifies what data to store. The chapter says a school stores data about students and teachers. Traffic accident data does not have relevance to the school's day-to-day activities, so it is not included.

Question 5

In a bank database, customer is an entity. Which of these is an attribute of the customer entity?

  1. A.has
  2. B.customer id
  3. C.bank account entity
  4. D.relationship
Show the answer and why

Answer: B customer id

Why

Attributes are properties of an entity that help to tell one entity from another. The chapter lists customer id, name, sex and address as attributes of the customer entity. The word 'has' is a relationship, and a bank account is a separate entity.

Question 6

A country is associated with one capital city, and a capital city is associated with only one country. What type of relationship is this?

  1. A.One-to-one
  2. B.One-to-many
  3. C.Many-to-many
  4. D.Primary key
Show the answer and why

Answer: A One-to-one

Why

In a one-to-one relationship, one instance of an entity has only one instance in the other entity. The chapter uses the example of a country and a capital city. A primary key is a field with unique values, not a type of relationship.

Question 7

In an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), which shape is used to represent an attribute?

  1. A.Rectangle
  2. B.Ellipse
  3. C.Line
  4. D.Triangle
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Ellipse

Why

In an ERD, entities are shown as rectangles, relationships are shown as lines, and attributes are shown as ellipses. The name of each attribute goes inside its ellipse.

Question 8

In a relational database table, what is a row called?

  1. A.An attribute
  2. B.A field
  3. C.A record or tuple
  4. D.A relation
Show the answer and why

Answer: C A record or tuple

Why

The chapter says each row of a relation is also called a record or tuple. It holds a unique instance of data. Columns are called attributes or fields, and the whole table is called a relation.

Question 9

The Book_Loan table has the fields Book_Loan_No, Book ID, Student ID and Loan date. Which field is a foreign key that links the Book_Loan table to the Student table?

  1. A.Book_Loan_No
  2. B.Book ID
  3. C.Student ID
  4. D.Loan date
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Student ID

Why

A foreign key is an attribute in one table that matches the primary key of another related table. Student ID in Book_Loan matches the primary key Student ID in the Student table. Book ID is also a foreign key, but it links to the Book table, not the Student table.

Question 10

A teacher in Hawassa stores each student's sex as M or F in the Student table. In a query, the teacher types Female in the Criteria row for Sex, but gets no results. What is the best explanation?

  1. A.Access only accepts numbers in the Sex field
  2. B.The criteria must match the stored data exactly, so the teacher should type <code>F</code>
  3. C.The query must be saved as a table before it shows results
  4. D.The Sex field must be set to Date/Time
Show the answer and why

Answer: B The criteria must match the stored data exactly, so the teacher should type <code>F</code>

Why

The criteria you enter must be exactly the same as the data stored in the table. If sex is stored as a single character, you must type that character. Because the table stores F, typing Female finds no matching records.

The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 3

Unit 3 runs from page 51 to page 75 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 170 pages

Download the PDF

All Grade 11 Information Technology short notes

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