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Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 10 Geography unit 4: Population of Africa

Everything here is for unit 4 of the Grade 10 Geography textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

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Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 4
81–112
The textbook pages for unit 4

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The Temari lesson on unit 4

A short video lesson on this chapter, made by Temari. It loads only when you press play.

Why Africa's population grows so fast · 4 min · 2 past exam questions worked through

Parts of the lesson

Tap a part to play the lesson from there.

What unit 4 covers

  1. 1.Overview of world population growth and size
  2. 2.Africa's major demographic trends
  3. 3.Population structure
  4. 4.Distribution and density of Africa's population
  5. 5.Urban and rural settlement patterns in Africa

Short notes for unit 4

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 10 Geography page. Open one at a time.

CategoryLeading African Countries
Most Populous (Total Count)Nigeria, Ethiopia, Egypt, DRC, South Africa
Most Densely Populated (Per Area)Mauritius, Rwanda, Burundi, Comoros, Seychelles

When you use it

Use this when distinguishing total population size from population density among African nations.

Watch out

Being populous does not mean being densely populated. Nigeria and Ethiopia lead in total count, but Mauritius and Rwanda lead in density.

Drafted from Grade 10 Geography, pages 81-112, then checked twice before it went up

RegionCrude Density (Persons/km^2)Urban Population (%)
Eastern Africa6526
Western Africa6545
Central Africa2747
Northern Africa3151
Southern Africa2562

When you use it

Use this to compare spatial settlement patterns and urbanization levels across African regions.

Watch out

Southern Africa is the most urbanized region but has the lowest crude density, while Eastern Africa is the least urbanized.

Drafted from Grade 10 Geography, pages 81-112, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 4

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

What mathematical rule is used to compute population doubling time by dividing 70 by the annual growth rate?

  1. A.Rule of 100
  2. B.Rule of 50
  3. C.Rule of 70
  4. D.Rule of 35
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Rule of 70

Why

According to the textbook, population doubling time is calculated using the Rule of 70, which divides 70 by the population growth rate (r).

Question 2

Which type of population pyramid has a broad base and a tapering apex, typical of developing regions with high birth rates and high death rates?

  1. A.Expansive pyramid
  2. B.Constructive pyramid
  3. C.Stationary pyramid
  4. D.Declining pyramid
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Expansive pyramid

Why

An expansive pyramid is triangular with a broad base showing a high proportion of children and a tapering top indicating fewer elderly people.

Question 3

According to 2019 data in the textbook, which two African regions had the highest crude population density at 65 persons per square kilometer?

  1. A.Northern Africa and Southern Africa
  2. B.Central Africa and Northern Africa
  3. C.Southern Africa and Western Africa
  4. D.Eastern Africa and Western Africa
Show the answer and why

Answer: D Eastern Africa and Western Africa

Why

Table 4.9 shows that both Eastern Africa and Western Africa had the highest crude density on the continent at 65 persons/km2.

Question 4

Which region of Africa had the highest percentage of its population living in urban areas in 2016 at 62 percent?

  1. A.Eastern Africa
  2. B.Southern Africa
  3. C.Western Africa
  4. D.Central Africa
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Southern Africa

Why

Table 4.10 states that Southern Africa had 62% of its population living in urban areas, making it the most urbanized region in Africa.

Question 5

Suppose an Ethiopian administrative zone had 4,500 live births in a year and a mid-year total population of 150,000. What is its Crude Birth Rate (CBR)?

  1. A.15 per 1,000 population
  2. B.30 per 1,000 population
  3. C.45 per 1,000 population
  4. D.60 per 1,000 population
Show the answer and why

Answer: B 30 per 1,000 population

Why

CBR is calculated as (Total Live Births / Mid-Year Population) * 1,000. Here, (4,500 / 150,000) * 1,000 = 30 per 1,000.

Question 6

Being a populous country is different from being densely populated. Which group of countries includes some of the most densely populated nations in Africa?

  1. A.Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
  2. B.Egypt, South Africa, and Algeria
  3. C.Mauritius, Rwanda, and Burundi
  4. D.Sudan, Chad, and Niger
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Mauritius, Rwanda, and Burundi

Why

The textbook specifically lists Mauritius, Rwanda, Burundi, Comoros, and Seychelles as the most densely populated countries in Africa, while Nigeria and Ethiopia are the most populous in total numbers.

Question 7

In the Demographic Balancing Equation (Pt - Po = NI + NM), what does NI represent?

  1. A.In-migration minus out-migration
  2. B.Total population multiplied by birth rate
  3. C.Immigrants plus emigrants
  4. D.Births minus deaths (Natural Increase)
Show the answer and why

Answer: D Births minus deaths (Natural Increase)

Why

NI stands for Natural Increase, which is calculated as the difference between births and deaths (B - D).

Question 8

According to the settlement chapter, which African country is the least urbanized with only 12 percent of its population living in urban areas?

  1. A.Burundi
  2. B.Gabon
  3. C.Ethiopia
  4. D.Swaziland
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Burundi

Why

The textbook highlights that Burundi is the least urbanized country in Africa, with only 12% of its population living in urban centers.

Question 9

In 2020, Africa had a median age of 19.7 years compared to Europe's median age of 42.5 years. What does Africa's low median age indicate?

  1. A.A shrinking labor force with zero population growth
  2. B.An aging population with very low death rates
  3. C.A predominantly young population resulting from high fertility rates
  4. D.A high life expectancy among older citizens
Show the answer and why

Answer: C A predominantly young population resulting from high fertility rates

Why

A low median age shows that the population is dominated by young age groups, reflecting high fertility and rapid population growth rates.

Question 10

If a country has a constant annual population growth rate of 2.5 percent, how many years will it take for its population to double?

  1. A.70 years
  2. B.35 years
  3. C.17.5 years
  4. D.28 years
Show the answer and why

Answer: D 28 years

Why

Using the Rule of 70: Doubling Time = 70 / 2.5 = 28 years.

The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 4

Unit 4 runs from page 81 to page 112 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 204 pages

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All Grade 10 Geography short notes

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