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Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 10 Geography unit 5: Major economic and cultural activities of Africa

Everything here is for unit 5 of the Grade 10 Geography textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

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3
Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 5
113–136
The textbook pages for unit 5

What unit 5 covers

  1. 1.Overview of employment structure in the world
  2. 2.Major economic activities in Africa
  3. 3.Possible solutions to the problem of unemployment
  4. 4.Africa's agenda 2063 and its implications
  5. 5.Africa's agenda 2063 vis-à-vis sustainable development
  6. 6.Linguistic and religious diversity in Africa

Short notes for unit 5

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 10 Geography page. Open one at a time.

FrameworkLeading BodyTimeframeCore Focus
Agenda 2063African Union (AU)50 years (2013 to 2063)Pan-African unity, transformation, integration, peace, and security
SDGs (Agenda 2030)United Nations (UN)15 years (2015 to 2030)17 global goals to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity

When you use it

Use this to compare the vision, timeframe, and institutional leadership of Agenda 2063 and the SDGs.

Watch out

Agenda 2063 is an African Union 50 year plan, whereas the SDGs are a 15 year global UN framework that succeeded the MDGs in 2015.

Drafted from Grade 10 Geography, pages 113-136, then checked twice before it went up

SectorCore ActivityExamples
PrimaryExtracting raw materials and natural resourcesAgriculture, mining, forestry, fishing
SecondaryManufacturing and processing raw materials into finished goodsTextiles, clothing, footwear, metal processing
TertiaryProviding commercial and public servicesEducation, health, tourism, banking, transport
QuaternaryKnowledge-based information generation and sharingICT, research and development, financial planning

When you use it

Use this to classify economic activities into primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary sectors.

Watch out

Tertiary involves selling general services, while Quaternary specifically handles knowledge, ICT, and research.

Drafted from Grade 10 Geography, pages 113-136, then checked twice before it went up

ConceptDefinition or FormulaCondition
Voluntary UnemploymentJobless by personal choiceWorker leaves a job or chooses not to work at current wages
Involuntary UnemploymentUnable to find a job despite wanting oneWorker is willing and able to work for the prevailing wage
Unemployment Rate(Number of unemployed / Total workforce) * 100Expressed as a percentage of the total active workforce

When you use it

Use this to differentiate voluntary and involuntary unemployment and to calculate the unemployment rate.

Watch out

Only employable individuals actively seeking work at prevailing wages are counted as involuntarily unemployed.

Drafted from Grade 10 Geography, pages 113-136, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 5

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

Which economic sector involves changing raw materials into new, finished products?

  1. A.Primary sector
  2. B.Secondary sector
  3. C.Tertiary sector
  4. D.Quaternary sector
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Secondary sector

Why

The secondary sector is also called manufacturing. It processes raw materials from the primary sector and turns them into finished products.

Question 2

About what fraction of Africa's working population is employed in agriculture?

  1. A.One-tenth
  2. B.One-third
  3. C.Two-thirds
  4. D.Nine-tenths
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Two-thirds

Why

According to the textbook, agriculture is the single most important economic activity in Africa and provides jobs for about two-thirds of the continent's working population.

Question 3

According to the data table in the textbook, how many living languages are spoken in Ethiopia?

  1. A.11
  2. B.86
  3. C.215
  4. D.514
Show the answer and why

Answer: B 86

Why

Table 5.1 lists Ethiopia as having 86 major living languages.

Question 4

Which flagship program of Africa's Agenda 2063 specifically included the target year 2020 in its goal?

  1. A.Silencing the guns
  2. B.The African passport
  3. C.Grand Inga Dam project
  4. D.The pan-African e-network
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Silencing the guns

Why

Flagship Program 5 of Agenda 2063 is titled Silencing the guns by 2020.

Question 5

In 2021, countries with a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita between $1,036 and $4,045 were classified as:

  1. A.Low-income economies
  2. B.Lower middle-income economies
  3. C.Upper middle-income economies
  4. D.High-income economies
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Lower middle-income economies

Why

The textbook defines lower middle-income economies as those with a GNI per capita between $1,036 and $4,045 in 2021.

Question 6

A college graduate in Hawassa is able and willing to work for the going wage, but cannot find a job because businesses are not hiring. What type of unemployment is this?

  1. A.Voluntary unemployment
  2. B.Involuntary unemployment
  3. C.Quaternary unemployment
  4. D.Folk unemployment
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Involuntary unemployment

Why

Involuntary unemployment happens when an individual is willing and able to work at the prevailing wage but cannot find an available job.

Question 7

Africa contains 624 million hectares of forests. What percentage of the total world forest cover does this represent?

  1. A.15.6 percent
  2. B.20.6 percent
  3. C.30.0 percent
  4. D.62.0 percent
Show the answer and why

Answer: A 15.6 percent

Why

Africa's forests cover 20.6 percent of the continent's own land area, which makes up 15.6 percent of the world's total forest cover.

Question 8

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were introduced in 2015 to succeed which earlier global development framework?

  1. A.Agenda 2063
  2. B.Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
  3. C.African Renaissance Framework
  4. D.Brundtland Charter
Show the answer and why

Answer: B Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Why

The SDGs were developed in the Post-2015 Development Agenda to succeed the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which ended in 2015.

Question 9

According to the Brundtland Commission concept in the textbook, what are the four intertwined dimensions of sustainable development?

  1. A.Society, environment, culture, and economy
  2. B.Technology, industry, trade, and politics
  3. C.Agriculture, mining, forestry, and tourism
  4. D.Education, health, governance, and infrastructure
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Society, environment, culture, and economy

Why

The textbook states that there are four intertwined dimensions to sustainable development: society, environment, culture, and economy.

Question 10

Which of the following activities is classified under the quaternary economic sector?

  1. A.Smelting copper ore into metal bars
  2. B.Harvesting teff on a farm
  3. C.Serving food at a tourist hotel
  4. D.Information and communication technology (ICT) research
Show the answer and why

Answer: D Information and communication technology (ICT) research

Why

The quaternary sector is knowledge-based and includes ICT, research and development, and information generation and sharing.

The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 5

Unit 5 runs from page 113 to page 136 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 204 pages

Download the PDF

All Grade 10 Geography short notes

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