Unit notes and practice questions
Everything here is for unit 1 of the Grade 12 Agriculture textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.
The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 12 Agriculture page. Open one at a time.
When you use it
Use to calculate the temperature drop when moving to higher elevations for vegetable site selection.
Watch out
Temperature decreases by 0.6 degrees Celsius for every 100 metres increase in altitude.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 1-21, then checked twice before it went up
| Day length category | Critical photoperiod | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Short day | Night longer than 12 hours | Sweet potato |
| Day neutral | Unaffected by day length | Cucumber, tomato, pepper, eggplant, artichoke |
| Long day | Night shorter than 12 hours | Spinach, onion, cabbage, carrot, potato |
When you use it
Use when classifying vegetable crops based on light duration requirements for flowering and seed production.
Watch out
Day neutral plants flower under any day length, whereas long day plants flower when the night period is short.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 1-21, then checked twice before it went up
| Season type | Frost tolerance | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Cool season | Hardy | Asparagus, broccoli, cabbage, garlic, onion, pea, spinach |
| Cool season | Semi-hardy | Beet root, carrot, cauliflower, celery, lettuce, potato |
| Warm season | Tender | Southern pea, snap bean, sweet corn, tomato |
| Warm season | Very tender | Cucumber, eggplant, pepper, sweet potato, watermelon |
When you use it
Use when identifying vegetable crop adaptation to cold or warm climates and frost resistance.
Watch out
Cool season crops are shallow rooted and tolerate frost, while warm season crops suffer chilling injury below 10 degrees Celsius.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 1-21, then checked twice before it went up
When you use it
Use when planning the economics and production stages of commercial vegetable farming.
Watch out
Marketing does not begin after the crops have been produced. It starts before production with crop variety selection and market demand analysis.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 1-21, then checked twice before it went up
When you use it
Use when explaining the flowering requirements of biennial crops such as carrot, cabbage, and onion.
Watch out
Biennials produce vegetative growth in the first season and require extended exposure to low temperature before initiating flower formation in the second season.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 1-21, then checked twice before it went up
10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.
Question 1
According to the textbook, what is the average landholding size of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia?
Answer: A 0.9 hectare
Why
The textbook defines smallholder farmers as farmers who own an average landholding size of 0.9 hectare.
Question 2
How much water is required to produce one kilogram of vegetable dry matter?
Answer: C About 322 litres
Why
The textbook states that for the production of each kilogram of vegetable dry matter, about 322 litres of water is required.
Question 3
Which group of vegetables requires two growing seasons to complete its life cycle?
Answer: B Biennials
Why
Biennials are vegetable crops that require two growing seasons to complete their life cycle, producing vegetative growth in the first season and reproductive parts in the second.
Question 4
What is the term for the process in which certain vegetables require exposure to low temperatures to initiate flowering?
Answer: A Vernalization
Why
Vernalization is the process where biennial and cool-season vegetables must be exposed to low temperatures before moving from vegetative to reproductive growth stages.
Question 5
Which of the following vegetable crops are produced in Ethiopia mainly for export purposes?
Answer: B Green beans and peas
Why
The textbook explains that cabbages, tomatoes, and garlic are mainly produced for domestic consumption, while green beans and peas are mainly produced for export.
Question 6
How does temperature change with altitude in Ethiopia?
Answer: A It decreases by 0.6 °C with every 100 m increase in altitude.
Why
With every 100 m increase in altitude, there is a 0.6 °C decrease in temperature.
Question 7
At what temperature can tropical and sub-tropical vegetables suffer from chilling injury?
Answer: A Below 10 °C
Why
Tropical and sub-tropical vegetables may be damaged at temperatures below 10 °C, which is referred to as chilling injury.
Question 8
Which of the following is classified as a perennial vegetable crop that can remain in production for as long as ten years?
Answer: C Asparagus
Why
Perennial vegetables such as asparagus and artichoke grow for more than two growing seasons and can stay in production for up to ten years.
Question 9
According to the day length classification table in the textbook, which vegetable is a short-day plant?
Answer: A Sweet potato
Why
Table 1.1 classifies sweet potato as a short-day plant, tomato as day-neutral, and spinach and carrot as long-day plants.
Question 10
Based on temperature requirements, which of the following cool-season crops is classified as hardy rather than semi-hardy?
Answer: C Garlic
Why
In Table 1.2, garlic is classified under hardy cool-season crops, whereas carrot, cauliflower, and lettuce are listed under semi-hardy cool-season crops.
The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.
Unit 1 runs from page 1 to page 20 of the Ministry of Education edition.
Ministry of Education edition, English, 302 pages
Temari turns this chapter into timed practice and marks it as you go, with an AI tutor to explain anything that did not land.
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