Unit notes and practice questions
Everything here is for unit 13 of the Grade 12 Agriculture textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.
The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 12 Agriculture page. Open one at a time.
When you use it
Use when classifying agroforestry land-use practices and describing home garden components.
Watch out
Agroforestry requires deliberate integration of woody perennials with agricultural crops or livestock on the same land unit in spatial arrangement or temporal sequence.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 226-242, then checked twice before it went up
| Practice | Action | Key Objective |
|---|---|---|
| Pruning | Cutting away dead or overgrown branches | Reduce light and root competition |
| Thinning | Selective removal of whole trees | Improve light and space for remaining trees |
| Pollarding | Cutting the tree crown at least 2 m high | Regrow shoots above the reach of cattle |
| Lopping | Cutting smaller leafy branches or twigs | Harvest seasonal fodder and fuelwood |
| Coppicing | Cutting the tree down to the stump | Maximize biomass regrowth from base |
| Root Pruning | Trenching to cut lateral tree roots | Reduce underground resource competition |
When you use it
Use when identifying tree management techniques used to regulate competition between trees and crops.
Watch out
Pollarding cuts branches high up (at least 2 m), whereas coppicing cuts the entire stem near the base.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 243-256, then checked twice before it went up
When you use it
Use when distinguishing between aboveground tree cutting practices based on the cutting height.
Watch out
Pollarding requires cutting at least 2 m above ground level to keep regrowth beyond cattle reach. Cutting at ground level is coppicing.
Drafted from Grade 12 Agriculture, pages 243-256, then checked twice before it went up
10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.
Question 1
According to the textbook, what is a home garden in agro-forestry?
Answer: A An integrated system of trees, crops, and livestock within house compounds managed by family labor
Why
A home garden is an integrated system combining multipurpose trees and shrubs with annual and perennial crops and livestock within individual house compounds, managed by family labor.
Question 2
In nursery bed preparation, why can the length of a seedbed be changed while the width must remain around 1 meter?
Answer: B Increasing the width creates problems in weeding and hoeing
Why
The width of a nursery bed cannot be increased beyond about 1 meter because a wider bed makes routine operations like weeding and hoeing difficult to reach.
Question 3
Based on traditional apiculture knowledge in Ethiopia, what condition is relieved by taking a mixture of honey and coffee?
Answer: C Stomach pain
Why
According to traditional medicine practices documented in the textbook, combining honey with coffee relieves stomach pain.
Question 4
Why is a square shape considered ideal when planning the layout of a nursery?
Answer: D It reduces the distance between seedbeds and the area where seedlings are planted
Why
A square shape is ideal because it minimizes boundary lines for fencing and reduces the travel distance between seedbeds/pot beds and planting areas.
Question 5
What is the general rule of thumb for covering seeds with soil when sowing in containers?
Answer: A Cover seeds with soil equal to three times their thickness
Why
The standard guideline for sowing is to cover seeds with a soil layer equal to three times their thickness, unless the seed requires light to germinate.
Question 6
What does the term etiolation mean in nursery plant production?
Answer: B A condition where stems grow spindly and weak due to partial or complete absence of light
Why
Etiolation occurs when plants receive insufficient light or too much shade, causing the main stems to grow tall, spindly, and weak.
Question 7
Which tree bark do Ethiopian beekeepers traditionally use to smoke baiting hives when catching swarms?
Answer: C Barks of <em>Ekebergia capensis</em> (sombo)
Why
Traditional beekeepers prepare and smoke baiting hives using the bark of Ekebergia capensis (locally called sombo) to attract scout bees.
Question 8
At what stage of growth should nursery workers start applying half-strength liquid fertilizer to seedlings?
Answer: D After seedlings develop their second set of true leaves
Why
Seedlings should start receiving a weekly application of half-strength liquid fertilizer after they develop their second set of true leaves.
Question 9
A farmer tests a traditional beehive by inserting a thin stick and withdrawing it. What does a sweet taste and yellow color on the stick indicate?
Answer: A The honey is mature and beekeepers can start harvesting
Why
If the stick comes out yellow and tastes sweet, the honey is mature and harvesting can begin. A milky color indicates that the colony is still in the brood-rearing stage.
Question 10
To sustain site fertility during tree harvesting in a plantation, which practice should be applied?
Answer: B Allowing harvested trees to dry on the site before removal so leaves fall and remain
Why
Allowing harvested trees to dry on-site lets leaves dry, fall off, and return essential nutrients to the soil, minimizing overall fertility loss.
The app holds 23 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.
Unit 13 runs from page 235 to page 250 of the Ministry of Education edition.
Ministry of Education edition, English, 302 pages
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