Unit notes and practice questions
Everything here is for unit 2 of the Grade 12 English textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.
The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 12 English page. Open one at a time.
When you use it
Use these revision methods when two independent clauses are joined together without proper punctuation or connecting words.
Watch out
Placing only a comma between two independent clauses creates a comma splice error, which is still a run-on sentence.
Drafted from Grade 12 English, pages 24-53, then checked twice before it went up
| Function | Position in Sentence | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Subject of a verb | Before the main verb | Boxing is my favorite sport. |
| Object of a transitive verb | After verbs like dislike, enjoy, hate | She dislikes oversleeping. |
| Object of a preposition | Directly after prepositions like of, to, about | He is afraid of speaking the truth. |
| Complement of a verb | After linking verbs like is, was, become | My aim in life is becoming an athlete. |
When you use it
Use this table to identify or write gerunds acting as nouns in four distinct grammatical positions.
Watch out
Do not confuse a gerund acting as a noun with a present participle used to form continuous verb tenses.
Drafted from Grade 12 English, pages 24-53, then checked twice before it went up
| Time Reference | Verb Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Future | wish + subject + would / could + base verb | I wish it would stop raining. |
| Present | wish + subject + past simple / continuous | I wish I lived somewhere more interesting. |
| Past | wish + subject + past perfect (had + V3) | I wish I had worked harder at school. |
When you use it
Use this pattern when expressing wishes that are impossible, contrary to reality, or unlikely to happen across different time frames.
Watch out
Never use will or present tense verbs after wish. Use were instead of was after singular subjects in formal contexts.
Drafted from Grade 12 English, pages 24-53, then checked twice before it went up
10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.
Question 1
According to the vocabulary section in Unit 2, what is the meaning of the word procrastination?
Answer: A Delaying or deferring an action to a later time
Why
In the vocabulary matching exercise, procrastination is defined as delaying or deferring an action to a later time.
Question 2
Complete the analogy based on the vocabulary lesson:
Plenty is to ample as shortage is to _______.
Answer: C scarcity
Why
Plenty and ample are synonyms. In the same way, shortage and scarcity are synonyms.
Question 3
According to the reading passage Time Management and Productivity, which of the following is an example of a student's long-term goal?
Answer: B Studying for the forthcoming national exams
Why
The passage states that completing homework early each day is a short-term goal, while studying for the forthcoming national exams is a long-term goal.
Question 4
In the sentence "Boxing is my favorite sport," what grammatical function does the gerund Boxing serve?
Answer: A Subject of a verb
Why
Boxing comes before the verb is and acts as the subject of the sentence.
Question 5
In the passage Cultural Views of Time Management, which view describes time as repeating in regular occurrences such as days, months, and seasons, meaning time cannot be wasted because it always comes back?
Answer: D Cyclical time view
Why
The cyclical time view, common in countries like Japan and China, sees time as repeating in natural cycles so it is never truly lost.
Question 6
According to the text on cultural views of time, cultures that prefer to do multiple tasks at once and place high value on finishing social conversations are described as:
Answer: B Multi-active and polychronic
Why
The textbook explains that multi-active cultures (such as Southern European countries) are polychronic, meaning they prefer to do multiple tasks at once.
Question 7
Which of the following phrasal verbs belongs to the category consisting of verb + adverb + preposition with inseparable particles?
Answer: B Look forward to
Why
The phrasal verb look forward to consists of the verb (look), an adverb (forward), and a preposition (to), with an object following it.
Question 8
Read the situation and choose the correct sentence using wish:
Tola did not study hard when he was at school, and now he feels sorry about it.
Answer: C Tola wishes he had studied harder when he was at school.
Why
The textbook notes that we use the past perfect (had studied) after wish to express regrets about past events.
Question 9
According to the language tips on the verb wish, which tense structure must be used to express a desire for a present situation to be different?
Answer: B Past simple or continuous tense
Why
The language notes state: "We use past simple and continuous to talk about wishes for the present (e.g., I wish I knew the answer)."
Question 10
Which of the following is NOT one of the three textbook methods for correcting a run-on sentence?
Answer: C Using a comma alone without a coordinating conjunction
Why
Joining two complete sentences with only a comma creates a comma splice error. The three correct methods given in Unit 2 are: (1) two separate sentences, (2) inserting a semicolon, and (3) using a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.
Unit 2 runs from page 24 to page 53 of the Ministry of Education edition.
Ministry of Education edition, English, 270 pages
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