Grade 11 English unit 8: Efficiency of Health Services

The first paragraph says that successful disease control efforts in some economically developing countries have increased life expectancy. Childhood mortality is lower, not rising, and migration and new infectious agents are described as factors that affect chronic disease, not life expectancy.

In the phrasal verb table of this unit, put off means postpone. The meeting was moved to a later time.

Time is uncountable, so we use a little. A little is positive: there is at least some time, which is enough to stop for coffee. Few and little would show a negative feeling.

The second part gives the reason for not going out. Because shows the cause. And and but do not show a reason, and or gives a choice.

This is past continuous. The object the customer becomes the subject. The form is was/were being + past participle, so the passive is The customer was being helped by the salesman.

Old is a one-syllable adjective, so we add -er to make the comparative form, older. It is used with than to compare two people.

Students is countable, so we use many with too. Much, little and a little are used with uncountable nouns.

In this pattern, the comes before a comparative adjective in each clause: The higher you ascend, the colder it becomes. Higher needs the, and highest is superlative, not comparative.

The passage says that the chronic impact of repeated malnourishing diarrheal illnesses is greater than that of acute deaths from enteric illness. The writer uses this to show the wide-ranging threats of chronic disease.

The essay states that nearly two-thirds of American adults feel closing their local library would have a major impact. The writer uses this figure as evidence to support the argument.