Unit notes and practice questions
Everything here is for unit 5 of the Grade 12 Information Technology textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.
The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 12 Information Technology page. Open one at a time.
When you use it
Follow this seven step troubleshooting methodology to diagnose and resolve computer network issues.
Watch out
Proving a scenario wrong during testing is not a failure: return to step two and develop a new scenario rather than skipping testing.
Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 135-163, then checked twice before it went up
| Command | Function |
|---|---|
| ipconfig | Displays IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway settings |
| ping | Sends test datagrams to verify connectivity to a target host |
| tracert | Traces the packet path to identify where network transmission fails |
| nslookup | Queries DNS to map hostnames to IP addresses or vice versa |
| netstat | Displays active network connections and running network services |
When you use it
Use these command prompt utilities to inspect IP configurations and diagnose connectivity issues.
Watch out
The command ipconfig is specific to Windows: Linux and macOS use different network commands.
Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 135-163, then checked twice before it went up
| Hardware Tool | Function |
|---|---|
| Wire Crimper | Attaches RJ connectors to the ends of network cables |
| Cable Tester | Verifies whether electrical signals pass correctly through a cable |
| Punch Down Tool | Inserts cable wires directly into patch panels or punch down blocks |
| Tone Generator | Sends an electrical signal through wire pairs to trace cables |
| Multimeter | Measures electrical properties including voltage, current, and resistance |
When you use it
Reference this set when selecting physical tools to build, terminate, or test network wiring.
Watch out
A cable tester checks physical wire continuity, whereas ping checks software level host communication.
Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 135-163, then checked twice before it went up
| Tool | Function |
|---|---|
| Disk Defragmenter | Rearranges fragmented files into contiguous storage sequences to improve retrieval speed |
| Disk Cleanup | Deletes temporary, unused, and Internet files to free storage space |
| Windows Update | Downloads and installs system updates and security patches |
| Check Disk | Scans the hard drive and fixes file system errors |
| System Restore | Creates restore points and reverts settings to a previous working state |
When you use it
Use to optimize computer performance, free disk space, or recover system settings after malfunctions.
Watch out
System Restore rolls back system settings and drivers, but it does not restore deleted personal files.
Drafted from Grade 12 Information Communication Technology, pages 135-163, then checked twice before it went up
10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.
Question 1
What type of software program specifically controls a hardware device attached to a computer?
Answer: B Device driver
Why
A device driver is a special program that controls a specific hardware device attached to a computer, enabling the device to function properly.
Question 2
Which Windows system tool deletes unused and unwanted files, garbage, and old Internet files to free hard disk space?
Answer: A Disk Cleanup
Why
Disk Cleanup deletes unnecessary and unused files, garbage, and old Internet files to free up disk space.
Question 3
When an application becomes completely frozen and will not close normally, which keyboard shortcut opens the Task Manager to force quit the program?
Answer: C Ctrl + Alt + Delete
Why
Pressing Ctrl + Alt + Delete opens the Task Manager where you can select the frozen application and click End Task to force quit it.
Question 4
What is the first step in the basic network troubleshooting process?
Answer: D Identify the Problem
Why
The repeatable network troubleshooting process begins with Identify the Problem, which includes gathering information and determining symptoms.
Question 5
How does the Disk Defragmenter tool improve computer performance?
Answer: B It rearranges files on the disk so each file is stored in one sequence.
Why
Disk Defragmenter reduces file system fragmentation by rearranging files so that each file is stored in a single sequence, increasing data retrieval efficiency.
Question 6
A student in Hawassa runs the ipconfig command in the Windows Command Prompt. What information will this command display?
Answer: A The host IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway
Why
The ipconfig utility verifies TCP/IP network settings and displays information such as the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.
Question 7
Which network hardware maintenance tool is used to attach media connectors to the ends of network cables?
Answer: C Wire crimper
Why
A wire crimper (or cable crimper) is used to attach media connectors directly onto the ends of cables when making or modifying network cables.
Question 8
Which TCP/IP command-line tool determines the exact path data takes to reach a destination and helps pinpoint where packet loss occurs?
Answer: A <code>tracert</code>
Why
tracert is a TCP/IP utility that traces the route data packets travel to a particular destination, helping technicians see where packets are dropped.
Question 9
Which command-line utility is specifically designed to query Domain Name System (DNS) records and display the IP address of a hostname or vice versa?
Answer: B <code>nslookup</code>
Why
nslookup is a DNS utility used to find the IP address associated with a hostname (such as resolving a domain name) or vice versa, helping diagnose name resolution issues.
Question 10
What is the primary function of the System Restore tool in Windows?
Answer: C It creates a restore point of system settings to restore if the system malfunctions.
Why
System Restore makes a secure backup copy of working system settings (a restore point), allowing users to return the system to that state if a malfunction occurs later.
The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.
Unit 5 runs from page 135 to page 163 of the Ministry of Education edition.
Ministry of Education edition, English, 210 pages
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