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Unit notes and practice questions

Grade 11 English unit 6: Global Warming

Everything here is for unit 6 of the Grade 11 English textbook: what the chapter covers, the short notes, practice questions with their answers, and the lesson video where one exists.

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Cards
10
Practice questions on unit 6
141–164
The textbook pages for unit 6

Short notes for unit 6

The cards filed under this chapter on the Grade 11 English page. Open one at a time.

Adjective or adverbComparativeSuperlative
smallsmallerthe smallest
bigbiggerthe biggest
happyhappierthe happiest
thoughtfulmore thoughtfulthe most thoughtful
carefullymore carefullythe most carefully
intelligentmore intelligentthe most intelligent
clevercleverer or more cleverthe cleverest or the most clever

When you use it

Use the comparative to describe the difference between two persons or things. Use the superlative to describe one person or thing against all others of its kind. Use as ... as to show that two things are equal.

Watch out

Spelling and word length decide the form. Double the last letter in big, bigger, biggest. Change y to i in happy, happier, happiest. Use more and most, or less and least, with longer words such as intelligent and with adverbs ending in ly. Do not add er or est to them.

Drafted from Grade 11 English, pages 141-164, then checked twice before it went up

TypeIf clauseMain clause
0If you heat ice,it melts.
1If you study,you will pass the examination.
2If I were you,I would accept the offer.
3If she had not studied well,she would not have joined university.

When you use it

Use it when you write an if sentence and must choose the verb forms. Type 0 states a fact. Type 1 is a possible present or future condition. Type 2 is an unlikely or unreal present or future situation. Type 3 is the past result of something that did not happen.

Watch out

Unless already means if not, so the unless clause stays positive: 'Unless you call me, I will not come.' Do not write unless and not together. In type 3 the if clause needs had plus the past participle. The formal inverted form drops if and starts with had: 'Had I known you before, I could have told it to you.'

Drafted from Grade 11 English, pages 141-164, then checked twice before it went up

When you use it

Use prefer to talk generally about likes, dislikes or what you want. Use would prefer and would rather to be more specific. Prefer is followed by the verb with ing: 'I prefer living in a city.' Would prefer is followed by to plus the verb: 'I would prefer to see him in person.' Would rather is followed by the verb without to: 'I would rather go home now.'

Watch out

Do not put to after would rather. Write 'Would you rather stay at a hotel?' and not 'Would you rather to stay'. Keep the three patterns apart, because the three expressions differ in meaning and in form.

Drafted from Grade 11 English, pages 141-164, then checked twice before it went up

Practice questions on unit 6

10 multiple-choice questions written against this chapter, each with its answer and the reason. Try one before you open the answer.

Question 1

According to the listening text, what is global warming?

  1. A.A fall in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere.
  2. B.A rise in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere, because heat is trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated out into space.
  3. C.A rise in rainfall over the whole earth.
  4. D.A rise in the temperature of the sun.
Show the answer and why

Answer: B A rise in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere, because heat is trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated out into space.

Why

The listening text says global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere. This happens because more heat from the sun is trapped in the atmosphere and is not radiated out into space.

Question 2

Which English nasal consonant sound is made by closing the lips?

  1. A./n/
  2. B./m/
  3. C./t/
  4. D./tʃ/
Show the answer and why

Answer: B /m/

Why

The sound /m/, as in mad and clam, is bilabial. The mouth is blocked by closing the lips, and the air goes out through the nose.

Question 3

When you say the affricate sound /tʃ/ as in chick, where is the air blocked?

  1. A.Just behind the alveolar ridge (post-alveolar).
  2. B.By pressing the back of the tongue against the soft palate (velar).
  3. C.By closing the lips (bilabial).
  4. D.Between the upper and lower teeth (dental).
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Just behind the alveolar ridge (post-alveolar).

Why

The textbook says that /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ are affricatives. The air is blocked with the tongue just behind the alveolar ridge, which is called post-alveolar.

Question 4

What is the comparative form of small?

  1. A.smaller
  2. B.smallest
  3. C.more small
  4. D.the most small
Show the answer and why

Answer: A smaller

Why

Small is a one-syllable adjective. For one-syllable adjectives we add -er to make the comparative, so the comparative is smaller. Smallest is the superlative form.

Question 5

Which is the correct superlative form of intelligent?

  1. A.more intelligent
  2. B.the intelligentest
  3. C.the most intelligent
  4. D.most intelligenter
Show the answer and why

Answer: C the most intelligent

Why

Intelligent has three or more syllables, so we use the most to make the superlative: the most intelligent. We do not add -est to long adjectives.

Question 6

Complete the sentence: If you ___ 100 birr each month, you will have 1200 birr at the end of the year.

  1. A.save
  2. B.saved
  3. C.would save
  4. D.have saved
Show the answer and why

Answer: A save

Why

This is a type I conditional, which talks about a probable condition in the present or future. The rule is: if + present simple, will + verb. So the correct form is save. 100 birr x 12 months = 1200 birr.

Question 7

Which sentence has the same meaning as If you do not call me, I will not come to the meeting?

  1. A.Unless you call me, I will not come to the meeting.
  2. B.Unless you do not call me, I will come to the meeting.
  3. C.Unless you called me, I will come to the meeting.
  4. D.Unless you will call me, I will not come to the meeting.
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Unless you call me, I will not come to the meeting.

Why

Unless means if not. So If you do not call me becomes Unless you call me. The main clause stays the same: I will not come to the meeting.

Question 8

In the reading text The Effects of Global Warming on Economic Development, which paragraph talks about climate refugees?

  1. A.Paragraph 2
  2. B.Paragraph 3
  3. C.Paragraph 4
  4. D.Paragraph 5
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Paragraph 4

Why

Paragraph 4 says global warming is likely to increase the number of 'climate refugees', who are people forced to leave their homes because of drought, flooding or other climate-related disasters.

Question 9

In paragraph 1, the writer says: 'The most expensive thing we can do is nothing.' What does the writer mean?

  1. A.Doing nothing about carbon emissions will cost the most.
  2. B.Doing nothing is the cheapest choice for a country.
  3. C.Scientists should stop studying the economy.
  4. D.Carbon emissions are cheap to reduce.
Show the answer and why

Answer: A Doing nothing about carbon emissions will cost the most.

Why

The writer is saying that if we fail to reduce global carbon emissions quickly and deeply, the cost will be very high. Doing nothing is therefore the most expensive choice.

Question 10

According to paragraph 5, which measure is less costly?

  1. A.Coping with climate impacts
  2. B.Rebuilding after disasters strike
  3. C.Reducing carbon emissions
  4. D.Building sea walls
Show the answer and why

Answer: C Reducing carbon emissions

Why

Paragraph 5 says coping is likely to be more costly than reducing carbon emissions. So reducing carbon emissions is the less costly measure. Paragraph 6 says rebuilding after disasters is even more costly.

The app holds 12 questions on this unit, marked as you go. These are the first 10.

The textbook pages for unit 6

Unit 6 runs from page 141 to page 164 of the Ministry of Education edition.

Ministry of Education edition, English, 290 pages

Download the PDF

All Grade 11 English short notes

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